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Yıl:2021; Cilt: 58; Sayı: 3>> Özet
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Nöropsikiyatri Arşivi; 2021;58(3):249-252
Anlamsal İşlemeye İlişkin Dille İlgili ERP Çalışmalarında N400 ve P600’ün İşlevsel Rolü: Genel Bir Bakış
Z Seyedozadı, R Pıshghadam, M Pıshghadam
English, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran
Bu çalışmada, N400 ve P600’ün anlamsal işlemedeki işlevsel rolü ve bu işlevleri etkileyebilecek temel sebepler bağlamında dille ilgili ERP çalışmaları gözden geçirildi. N400 ve P600 ilk bulundukları tarihten beri en önemli dil ilişkili ERP bileşenleri olmuşlardır. N400 çoğunlukla sözcül ve anlamsal işlemenin belirteci olarak kabul edilmektedir. Diğer yandan, P600 özellikle sözbilimsel işlemenin belirteci olarak etkili olmuştur. Bununla beraber bu iki ERP bileşeninin işlevsel değerlendirmeleri daima bir tartışma konusu olmuştur. Bunlardan belki de en önemlisi sadece N400’ün değil P600’ün de anlamsal işlemeyi yansıtabileceğinin ileri sürülmesidir. Bu konuların dikkate alınması dilin anlaşılması ile ilişkili elektrofizyoloji çalışmalarında önemli etkilerde bulunabilir. İki ERP bileşeni N400 ve P600’ün işlevlerini açıklayan yayınların gözden geçirilmesi, araştırmacıların dilin işlenmesini etkileyen temel etkenleri tarif edebilir hale gelmeleri için daha fazla araştırmaya gereksinim olduğunu göstermiştir. Özellikle işlevsel anatomik ve nöro-bilişimsel modeller üzerinde yapılacak daha odaklı araştırmalar dilin işlenmesini daha anlaşılır hale getirecektir. Ek olarak, N400 ve P600’ün dilin anlaşılmasındaki rolünü gösteren herhangi pratik teori veya modelin, bu iki bileşenin elde edilme desenlerindeki belirgin tutarsızlıkları göz önüne alması ve tüm veri spektrumunu başarılı bir şekilde kapsaması gerekmektedir.
Functional Role of the N400 and P600 in Language-Related ERP Studies with Respect to Semantic Anomalies: An Overview
In this study, the language-related ERP studies relevant to the functional role of the N400 and P600 in semantically anomalous sentences and the underlying reasons which may affect their functions were reviewed. Since their discovery, the N400 and P600 have been the most important language-related ERP components. The N400 has been mostly elicited as a result of processing sentences with lexical and semantic anomalies, but later on, in many studies instead of the expected lexical-semantic N400 effect, semantic anomalies elicited a P600 effect called semantic P600. However, the functional interpretation of these two ERP components has constantly been a matter of debate. Perhaps most notably, it is proposed that it is not just the N400 which is related to semantic anomalies but the P600 can also be reflected as a result of these kinds of anomalies. Reviewing the literature for explaining the functions of the two ERP components, the N400 and the P600, during the processing of semantic anomalies revealed that still there is a need for more research on language processing in order to make the researchers capable of describing the underlying factors influencing them, especially more focused investigations of the functional-anatomical and neurocomputational models may provide a clearer understanding of them. Moreover, any practical theory or model of the N400 and the P600 in language comprehension needs to consider the apparent inconsistencies in the elicitation pattern of the N400 and the P600 in order to successfully capture the full data spectrum.

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