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Yıl:2021; Cilt: 58; Sayı: Suppl 1>> Özet
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Nöropsikiyatri Arşivi; 2021;58(Suppl 1):41-46
Bipolar Bozuklukta Psikiyatrik Eş Tanı Varlığında Tedavi
K Altınbaş
Selçuk Üniversitesi, Konya
Bipolar bozuklukların diğer psikiyatrik bozukluklarla yaşam boyu eş tanısı oldukça yaygındır. Anksiyete bozuklukları, alkol-madde kullanım bozuklukları, obsesif-kompulsif bozukluk ve dikkat eksikliği hiperaktivite bozukluğu, bipolar bozukluk ile birlikte en sık görülen psikiyatrik tablolardır. Bipolar bozukluk; psikiyatrik eş tanı varlığında daha kötü tedavi yanıtı, daha sık duygudurum dönemleri, intihar girişimleri, hızlı döngülülük, daha kötü yaşam kalitesi ve işlevsellikle güçlü bir şekilde ilişkilidir. Bu nedenle, eş tanının bipolar bozukluk klinik seyri üzerine olan etkileri düşünüldüğünde, tedavi genellikle zordur. Bipolar bozukluğa eşlik eden psikiyatrik hastalık varlığında tedavinin asıl amacı duygudurumun dengelenmesi ve yeni ortaya çıkacak bipolar bozukluğa ilişkin hastalık dönemlerinden korunmak olmalıdır. Sonrasında, bipolar bozukluğa eşlik eden diğer özgül psikiyatrik hastalık için önerilen ilk sıra tedavi seçeneği tercih edilebilir. Bu mantıkla, ketiyapin bipolar bozuklukta anksiyete bozukluğu eş tanısında ilk sıra tedavi olarak sıralanabilirken, serotonerjik antidepresanlar ve olanzapin ikinci sırada önerilmektedir. Alkol-madde kullanım bozuklukları eş tanısının tedavisinde ise, lityum ve valproat gibi ilk sıra duygudurum dengeleyicileri ve yeni kuşak antipsikotiklerden ketiyapin önde gelen seçenekler olarak görünmektedir. Obsesif kompulsif bozukluk için serotonerjik antidepresanlar ve dikkat eksikliği hiperaktivite bozukluğu için stimülan ilaçlar temel tedavi seçenekleridir. Bununla beraber, her iki tedavi seçeneği de manik kayma ve duygudurum düzensizliğine neden olabilir. Bu nedenle, klinisyenlerin bu ajanları tercih ederken olası komplikasyonların farkında olmaları gerekir.
Treatment of Comorbid Psychiatric Disorders with Bipolar Disorder
Life time psychiatric comorbidities of bipolar disorders are highly prevalent. Anxiety disorders, alcohol-substance use disorders, obsessivecompulsive disorder and attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder are the most common comorbid psychiatric conditions in bipolar disorders. Psychiatric comorbidity of bipolar disorders is strongly associated with poor treatment response, higher recurrence of mood episodes, suicide attempts, rapid-cycling, worse general functioning and quality of life. Therefore, considering the huge impact of comorbidity on the bipolar disorder illness course, treatment is usually challenging. The primary aim of the treatment in psychiatric comorbidity of bipolar disorder should be mood stabilization and prevention of mood episodes. Then, first line treatment options recommended for the specific psychiatric disorders might be preferred for the treatment of bipolar disorder comorbidity. With this rationale, quetiapine can be listed as a first line treatment for anxiety disorders comorbidity in bipolar disorders while serotonergic antidepressants and olanzapine are recommended as second line options. For the treatment of alcohol-substance use disorders comorbidity, first line mood stabilizers such as valproate and lithium and new generation antipsychotic quetiapine seem to be the leading options. Serotonergic antidepressants for obsessive-compulsive disorder and stimulants for the attention-deficit hyperactivity disorders are the key treatment choices. However, both treatment agents might cause to manic switch and mood destabilitazion. Thus, clinicians should be aware of these complications when prescribing in bipolar disorders comorbidity

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