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Yıl:2021; Cilt: 12; Sayı: 2>> Özet
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Psikiyatri Hemşireliği Dergisi; 2021;12(2):93-102
Toplum ruh sağlığı merkezlerinde çalışan sağlık profesyonellerinin risk değerlendirmesine ilişkin görüş ve uygulamaları
F Ayhan, B Üstün
Batman Üniversitesi, Batman
GİRİŞ ve AMAÇ: Toplum Ruh Sağlığı Merkezleri’nde (TRSM) çalışan sağlık profesyonellerinin risk değerlendirmesine ilişkin görüşleri, uygulamaları ve önerilerinin belirlenmesidir. YÖNTEM ve GEREÇLER: Araştırmada kalitatif araştırma yöntemlerinin tanımlayıcı deseni kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini üç farklı TRSM’lerde görev yapan 14 sağlık profesyoneli oluşturmuştur. Araştırma verileri araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanmış olan yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme formuyla toplanmıştır. Toplanan nitel veriler betimsel analiz yöntemiyle değerlendirilmiştir. BULGULAR: Sağlık profesyonellerinin risk değerlendirmesi konusunda farkındalıklarının olduğu, intihar, alevlenme, kendine zarar verme ve başkasına zarar verme risklerini düzenli olarak değerlendirdikleri saptanmıştır. Hasta ve ailesi risk değerlendirme sürecine aktif olarak dahil edilmemektedir. Risk değerlendirmesi uygulamalarında, danışanlardan, ailelerinden, sağlık personelinden, sistemden ve risk değerlendirme formlarından kaynaklanan çeşitli sorunlar yaşanmaktadır. İş yükünün fazlalığı, iş yükü fazlalığı nedeniyle ekibin toplanamaması, ekibin sürekli değişmesi, hastaların düzenli olarak TRSM’ye gelmemeleri, mevcut risk değerlendirme formundaki soruların açık olmaması ve bir puan değerinin olmaması, personelin risk değerlendirme eğitimi almaması ve güvenlik personelinin olmaması gibi nedenlere bağlı olarak risk değerlendirmesi yeterli düzeyde yapılamamaktadır. Risk değerlendirmesi eğitimleri ile ilgili olarak; vaka üzerinden anlatılması, mevcut uygulamalara uygun olması, intiharla ilgili daha geniş bilgi verilmesi önerilmektedir. TARTIŞMA ve SONUÇ: TRSM’lerdeki sağlık profesyonellerinin risk değerlendirmesi konusunda çeşitli zorluklar yaşadıkları ve bu zorluklar neticesinde risk değerlendirme uygulamalarında eksikliklerin olduğu belirlenmiştir.
The opinions and practices of health professionals in community mental health centers on risk assessment
INTRODUCTION: It is the determination of the opinions, practices and recommendations of health professionals in Community Mental Health Centers (CMHC) regarding the risk assessment. METHODS: The descriptive design of qualitative research tradition is applied. The research sample comprises 14 health professionals from three different CMHCs. Research data were collected through a semi-structured interview form prepared by the authors. The qualitative data were analyzed by descriptive analysis method. RESULTS: It has been revealed that healthcare professionals have awareness of risk assessment and regularly assess the risks of suicide, exacerbation, self-harm and harm to others. Patient and the family are not actively included in the risk assessment process. Various problems stemming from the clients, their families, health personnel and system, and risk assessment forms are experienced in risk assessment practices. Risk assessments cannot be performed due to reasons such as lack of team integrity because of excessive workload, medical staff consistency, regular patient attendance and security personnel deficiencies in risk assessment forms such as unclear questions and no score equivalent, health personnel’s lack of risk assessment training. The case-oriented explications, compliance with the contemporary practice, and elaborated information provision about suicide is suggested regarding the risk assessment training. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The study revealed that health professionals in CMHCs have numerous difficulties regarding risk assessment. Moreover, there are deficiencies in risk assessment practices due to these difficulties.

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