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Yıl:2020; Cilt: 21; Sayı: 6>> Özet
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Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2020;21(6):641-648
Majör depresif bozukluğu olan ergenlerde sosyal medya kullanımı ve otizm spektrumuna özgü özellikler
B Sahin, M B Usta
Giresun Üniversitesi, Giresun
Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, majör depresif bozukluk (MDB) tanısı konan ergenlerde sosyal medya kullanımı ve akıllı telefon kullanımı ile otizm spektrumuna özgü özellikler arasındaki ilişkiyi değerlendirmektir. Yöntem: MDB tanısı konmuş 56 ergen hasta çalışmaya alındı. Otizm Spektrum Anketi-Ergen Versiyonu (OSA-E), Sosyal Medya Kullanım Bozukluğu Ölçeği (SMKBÖ), Akıllı Telefon Bağımlılığı Ölçeği-Kısa Versiyon (ATBÖ-KV), Çocuklar için Depresyon Ölçeği ve Okul Çağı Çocukları için Duygulanım Bozuklukları ve Şizofreni Görüşme Çizelgesi-Şimdi ve Yaşam Boyu Versiyonu-Türkçe Uyarlaması katılımcılara uygulanmıştır. Bulgular: Ortalama toplam OSA-E puanının tanımlanan kesme puanının altında olduğu bulunmuştur. Yüksek derecede otizm spektrumuna özgü özellikleri olan ergenlerin, düşük derecede otizm spektrumuna özgü özellikleri olan gruba göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı düzeyde daha yüksek depresyon puanına sahip olduğu gözlenmiştir. Korelasyon analizinde, depresyon puanı ile SMKBÖ puanı (r=0.301) ve SMKBÖ puanı ile ATBÖ-KV puanı (r=0.603) arasında anlamlı pozitif ilişki saptanmıştır. ASA-E ve SMKBÖ alt ölçeklerinin korelasyon analizinde sosyal beceriler ve dayanma, sosyal beceriler ve kaçış, iletişim ve yoksunluk arasında anlamlı düzeyde pozitif ilişki belirlenmiştir. Sonuç: Bu çalışma sonuçları depresif bozuklukta otizm spektrumuna özgü özelliklerin belirlenmesinin, tedavi stratejilerinin belirlenmesinde önemli olabileceğine ilişkin farklı bir bakış açısı sunmaktadır. Depresif bozukluğu olan ergenler için tedavi stratejilerini belirlerken, ergenlerin kendilerini daha iyi hissetmeleri ve stresli durumlardan ve olumsuz zihinsel durumlardan kaçınmaları için sosyal medya kullanımının yerini alacak bilişsel ve davranışsal müdahaleler bağlamında sosyal becerileri ve iletişimi arttırmak için ruhsal-toplumsal müdahaleler sağlamada otizme spektrumuna özgü özellikleri belirlemek ve bu zorlukları güçlendirmek ve desteklemek önemli olabilir. İleride yapılacak uzun dönemli çalışmalar otizm spektrumuna özgü özelliklerin depresyona karşı savunmasızlık yaratıp yaratmadığını gösterebilir. (Anadolu Psikiyatri Derg 2020; 21(6):641-648)
Use of social media and autistic traits in adolescents diagnosed with major depressive disorder
Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between social media use and smartphone use and autistic traits in adolescents diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD). Methods: Fifty-six adolescent patients diagnosed with MDD were included. The Autism Spectrum Questionnaire-Adolescent Version (ASQA), the Social Media Use Disorder Scale (SMDS), the Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short version (SAS-SV) the Children’s Depression Inventory, and Schedule for affective disorders and schizophrenia for school-age childrenpresent and lifetime version-Turkish version were applied to the participants. Results: The mean total ASQ-A score was determined to be below the defined cutoff points. Adolescents diagnosed with depression with high autistic traits (AT) showed a significantly higher depression score than the low AT group. In the correlation analysis, a significant positive relationship was determined between the depression score and the SMDS score (r=0.301) and between the SMDS score and the SAS-SV score (r=0.603). In the correlation analysis of the ASQ-A and the SMDS subscales, a significant positive relationship was determined between social skills and persistence, social skills and escape, and communication and withdrawal. Conclusion: The current study results present a different perspective that the determination of autistic traits in the depressive disorder could be important in determining treatment strategies. When determining the treatment strategies for adolescents diagnosed with depressive disorder, it may be important to determine autistic traits and to strengthen and support these difficulties by providing psychosocial interventions to increase social skills and communication in the context of cognitive and behavioral interventions to replace social media use for the adolescents to feel better and avoid stressful situations and negative mental states. Further long-term studies could show whether autistic traits create vulnerability to depression. (Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry 2020; 21(6):641-648

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