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Yıl:2020; Cilt: 21; Sayı: 6>> Özet
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Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2020;21(6):617-624
KKTC’de erişkin bireylerde anksiyete belirtilerinin yaygınlığı, risk etkenleri ve kültürlenme tutumları ile ilişkisinin incelenmesi
D Ergun, A Babayigit, M Cakici
Yakın Doğu Üniversitesi, Lefkoşa
Amaç: Son yıllarda anksiyete bozuklukları giderek küresel bir sağlık sorunu durumuna gelmiş ve çalışmalar yaygınlığı ve nedenleri üzerinde yoğunlaşmıştır. Bu çalışmada KKTC’de olası anksiyete belirtilerinin yaygınlığı, risk etkenleri ve kültürlenme tutumları ile ilişkisi irdelenmiştir. Yöntem: Çalışmanın örnekleminde KKTC’de yaşayan 18 ve üstü yaşlarda 974 birey yer almıştır. Örneklem yaş, cinsiyet, şehir/köy ve coğrafi bölge nüfus kotaları göz önüne alınarak, çok tabakalı rastgele örnekleme yöntemiyle belirlenmiştir. Veriler 2018 Nisan-Mayıs aylarında toplanmıştır. Verilerin toplanmasında Sosyodemografik Bilgi Formu, Beck Anksiyete Ölçeği (BAÖ) ve Kültürlenme Tutumları Ölçeği (KTÖ) kullanılmıştır. Olası anksiyete belirtileri (OAB) olanlar ve olmayanların sosyodemografik değişkenler açısından karşılaştırılmasında ki-kare, BAÖ ve KTÖ alt ölçek arası ilişki için Pearson korelasyon analizi kullanılmıştır. OAB oluşumundaki olası risk etkenleri lojistik regresyon analizi ile belirlenmiştir. Bulgular: KKTC’deki erişkin popülasyon ağırlıklandırılmış örnekleminde olası anksiyete yaygınlığı %19.1 (Ort.±SS=8.77±9.58) olarak bulunmuştur. Kıbrıs doğumlularda bu oran %15.9 (Ort.±SS=7.85±9.60), Türkiye doğumlularda %23 (Ort.±SS=9.96±9.61) olarak bulunmuştur. Kıbrıs doğumlularda özümseme (p=0.004, r=0.128) puanı arttıkça, BAÖ puanının da arttığı belirlenmiştir. Kadın olmak, evli olmamak, Türkiye doğumlu olmak, 2300 TL ve altında geliri olmak, çalışmamak, fiziksel veya psikiyatrik bir hastalığın varlığı, Kıbrıs doğumlularda kültürlenme alt boyutlarından özümsemenin olması OAB oluşumunda risk etkenleri olarak saptanmıştır. Sonuç: Çalışma KKTC’deki gerek yerli, gerekse göçmenlerde OAB oranlarının birçok ülkeye göre daha yüksek yaygınlık gösterdiği ve diğer yüksek yaygınlık oranları görülen bölgelerle benzer sosyokültürel özelliklere sahip olduğunu göstermektedir. Ekonomik sömürüye uğrama, koloni geçmişi, işsizlik, çatışma ve göç gibi sosyokültürel özelliklerin diğer ruhsal bozukluklar yanında anksiyete bozukluklarının oluşmasına da temel oluşturmaktadır. OAB’nin yüksek yaygınlık özelliklerinin anlaşılmasında her toplumun kendine özgü toplumsal yapısında değerlendirilmesi ve kültürlenme tutumlarının da anksiyete bozukluklarının önlenmesinde dikkate alınması gerekmektedir. (Anadolu Psikiyatri Derg 2020; 21(6):617-624)
The prevalence, risk factors and relationship with acculturation of anxiety symptoms among adults in TRNC
Objective: In recent years, anxiety disorders have become an increasingly global health problem and studies have focused on its prevalence and causes. In the current study prevalence, risk factors of possible anxiety symptoms and association with acculturation was examined in TRNC. Methods: The sample of the current study included 974 individuals over the age of 18 who live in TRNC. The sample was determined by multi-stratified random sampling method considering age, gender, city/village and geographic region population quotas. The data were collected in April-May 2018. The Sociodemographic Information Form, Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and Cultural Attitudes Scale (CAS) were used to collect the data. For comparison of those with and without possible anxiety symptoms (PAS) in terms of sociodemographic variables chi-square, for analyze correlation between BAI and CAS subscale Pearson correlation analysis was used. Possible risk factors in PAS formation were determined by logistic regression analysis. Results: The prevalence of PAS in weighted sample of adult population in TRNC was found to be 19.1% (Mean±SD=8.77±9.58). While this rate was 15.9% (Mean±SD=7.85±9.60) in Cyprus born, it was seen as 23% (Mean±SD=9.96±9.61) in Turkey borns. It was determined that as the assimilation (p=0.004, r=0.128) score increases, the BAI score increases among Cyprus born. Being a woman, not married, being Turkey born, low income level, unemployment and presence of physical/psychiatric illness, assimilation subscale of CAS among Cyprus born has been identified as risk factors for PAS. Conclusion: The study showed that PAS rates among TRNC are higher in both host and immigrants than many other countries in the world and have similar sociocultural characteristics with other high prevalence regions. Sociocultural characteristics such as economic exploitation, colony history, unemployment, conflict and migration are the basis for the formation of anxiety disorders as well as other mental disorders. In understanding the high prevalence characteristics of the PAS, it is necessary that each society should be evaluated in its own social structure and acculturation should be taken into consideration in the prevention of anxiety disorders. (Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry 2020; 21(6):617-624) _____________________________________________________________________________________________________

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