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Yıl:2020; Cilt: 21; Sayı: Ek 1>> Özet
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Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2020;21(Ek 1):14-22
Madde Yanıt Kuramıyla A İş Stresi Ölçeği-20’nin geliştirilmesi: Güvenilirlik ve geçerlilik çalışması
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Amaç: Bu çalışmada, iş stresinin ölçülmesine yönelik yeni bir ölçek geliştirilmesi ve psikometrik özelliklerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Bu çalışma üç farklı işlem ve uygulamadan oluşmuştur. Birinci aşamada madde havuzunun oluşturulması ve uygulanması işlemleri yürütülmüştür. Bu çalışmaya 18-65 yaşları arasında 898 kadın, 1175 erkek olmak üzere toplam 2073 kişi katılmıştır. İkinci aşamada seçilen maddeler uygulanmış, bu çalışmaya 18-69 yaşları arasında 1452 kadın, 1113 erkek olmak üzere toplam 2565 kişi katılmıştır. Üçüncü aşamada, 20 maddeli son form uygulanmış, bu çalışmaya 19-60 yaşları arasında (295 kadın ve 320 erkek) toplam 615 kişi katılmıştır. Bu katılımcıların 108'i (48 kadın, 60 erkek) test-tekrar test çalışmasında da yer almıştır. Ayrıca, üçüncü uygulamada ölçüt bağıntılı geçerlilik çalışması için tüm katılımcılar, A Stres Ölçeğini, Algılanan Stres Ölçeğini, Tükenmişlik Ölçeğini, Hastane Anksiyete ve Depresyon Ölçeğini, Zung Depresyon Ölçeğini, Kişisel İyi Oluş İndeksini, Warwick-Edinburgh Mental İyi Oluş Ölçeğini ve Oxford Mutluluk Ölçeğini doldurmuşlardır. Bulgular: Birinci uygulamada maddelerin incelenmesinde, madde analizi ile Madde Yanıt Kuramı kullanılmış, maddelerin ayırt edicilik ve güçlük değerleri hesaplanmış ve 24 madde seçilmiştir. İkinci uygulamada aynı yolla 20 madde seçilmiş ve ölçeğin son formuna A İş Stresi Ölçeği-20 adı verilmiştir. Geliştirilen yeni ölçeğin tek faktörle toplam varyansın %38.07’sini açıkladığı, doğrulayıcı faktör analizi sonuçlarına göre de model uyumu gösterdiği görülmüştür. Ölçeğin bütünü için Cronbach alfa iç tutarlılık güvenilirlik katsayısı ikinci ve üçüncü uygulamada 0.91 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Üçüncü uygulamada iki hafta arayla yürütülen test-tekrar test uygulamaları arasındaki korelasyon katsayısı 0.88 olarak belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, diğer ölçeklerle geliştirilen yeni İş Stresi Ölçeği arasında -0.40 ile 0.65 değişen düzeyde korelasyonlar elde edilmiştir. Sonuç: Sonuçlara göre başka geçerlilik çalışmalarına gerek duyulsa da, A İş Stresi Ölçeği20'nin temel test gerekliliklerini karşıladığı görülmüştür. (Anadolu Psikiyatri Derg 2020; 21(Ek sayı.1):14-22)
Development of A Job Stress Scale-20 by using Item Response Theory: study of reliability and validation
Objective: The purpose of this study was to develop a new scale to measure a job stress, and examine its some psychometric properties. Methods: The study was carried out in three different phases and studies. In the first phase of the study was created item pool and applied. A total of 2073 people, 898 women and 1175 men ranging in age from 18 to 65 participated in this study. In the second phase of the study selected items were administered and the total number of participants were 2565, 1452 women and 1113 men, ranging in age from 18 to 69. In the third phase of the study final form of 20 items were administered and the total number of participants were 615 (295 women and 320 men) ranging in age from 19 to 60. Out of these participants, 108 people (48 women, 60 men) took part in the test-retest study. Further, in phase third for criterion related validity all participants completed the A Stress Scale, the Perceived Stress Scale, the Burnout Measure, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the Zung Depression Scale, the Personal Well-Being Index, the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale and the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire. Results: For the analysis of the items in the first phase, item analysis with Item Response Theory were used, item discrimination and item difficulty coefficients were calculated, and 24 items were selected. In the second phase, 20 items were selected with same way, and the latest version of the form was named as A Job Stress Scale-20. Developed new scale explained 38.07% of the total variance by single factor and confirmatory factor analysis results showed model fit. Cronbach's alpha internal consistency reliability coefficient for the whole scale was computed 0.91 in the second and third phase. Correlation coefficient among the test-retest administration with two weeks of intervals was determined 0.88 in the third phase. In addition, it was observed that correlations ranged between -0.40 and 0.65 for the other scales with new job stress scale. Discussion: Although the need for further validity studies, initial results shows that the A Job Stress Scale-20 has met the basic psychometric requirements. (Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry 2020; 21(Suppl.1):14-22)

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