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Yıl:2020; Cilt: 35; Sayı: 85>> Özet
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Türk Psikoloji Dergisi; 2020;35(85):21-39
Yetişkinlerde Sağlık Kaygısı ile İlişkili Değişkenlerin Bilişsel Davranışçı Model Kapsamında İncelemesi
Ö Yılmaz, G Dirik
İstanbul Üniversitesi, İstanbul
Sağlık durumuyla ilişkili olan önemli etmenlerden birisi sağlık kaygısıdır. Sağlık kaygısı, insanların pek çok davranışını etkilemekte ve yaşam kalitesini düşürmektedir. Sağlık kaygısı da benzer şekilde, çeşitli unsurlardan etkilenmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, kaygı duyarlılığı, sağlıkla ilgili işlevsel olmayan inançlar, aleksitimi, sağlık kaygısı, anormal hastalık davranışları ve yaşam kalitesi arasındaki ilişkileri bilişsel davranışçı model (BDM) ve alanyazın kapsamında incelemektir. 503 katılımcıyla (301 kadın, 202 erkek; Ort.yaş = 25.88) yürütülen çalışmada, Sosyodemografik Bilgi Formu, Anksiyete Duyarlılığı İndeksi-3, Sağlık Bilişleri Anketi, Toronto Aleksitimi Ölçeği-20 Maddelik Form, Sağlık Anksiyetesi Ölçeği-Kısa Form, Hastalık Davranışını Değerlendirme Ölçeği ve Dünya Sağlık Örgütü Yaşam Kalitesi Ölçeği Türkçe Ulusal Kısa Sürüm kullanılarak toplanan veri, korelasyon ve yol analizi ile incelenmiştir. Kaygı duyarlılığı ve sağlıkla ilgili işlevsel olmayan inançların sağlık kaygısını; sağlık kaygısının ise anormal hastalık davranışları ve yaşam kalitesini yordadığı belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca, kaygı duyarlılığının anormal hastalık davranışları ve yaşam kalitesini yordadığı bulunmuştur. Sağlık kaygısının, kaygı duyarlılığının anormal hastalık davranışları ile ilişkisinde kısmi aracılık; yaşam kalitesi ile ilişkisinde ise tam aracılık ettiği tespit edilmiştir. Aleksitiminin ise doğrudan yaşam kalitesini yordadığı görülmüştür. Bulguların BDM ile uyumlu olduğu belirlenmiş ve bulgular ilgili alanyazın doğrultusunda tartışılmıştır.
Examination of the Factors Related to Health Anxiety among Adults within the scope of Cognitive Behavioral Model
One of the important factors which are related to health status is health anxiety. Health anxiety affects people’s many behaviors and impairs quality of life. Likewise, it is affected by various factors. This study aimed to investigate the relationships among anxiety sensitivity, health-related dysfunctional beliefs, alexithymia, health anxiety, abnormal illness behaviors and quality of life within the scope of the cognitive behavioral model (CBM) and the related literature. In this study, with 503 participants (301 women, 202 men, Mage = 25.88), data were collected via Sociodemographic Information Form, Anxiety Sensitivity Index-3, Health Cognitions Questionnaire, The Twenty-Item Toronto Alexithymia Scale, Health Anxiety Inventory-Short Version, Scale for the Assessment of Illness Behaviour and World Health Organization BREF Quality of Life Assessment and analyzed with correlation and path analysis. Anxiety sensitivity and health-related dysfunctional beliefs predicted health anxiety, and health anxiety predicted abnormal illness behaviors and quality of life. Moreover, anxiety sensitivity predicted abnormal illness behaviors and quality of life. Health anxiety partially mediated the relationship between anxiety sensitivity and abnormal illness behaviors; and fully mediated the relationship between anxiety sensitivity and quality of life. Alexithymia directly predicted quality of life. Findings were consistent with CBM and they were discussed within the scope of the literature.

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