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Yıl:2021; Cilt: 28; Sayı: 1>> Özet
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Çocuk ve Gençlik Ruh Sağlığı Dergisi; 2021;28(1):52-59
Türkiye’de Cinsel İstismar Mağduru Çocukların Beyanlarında Ölçüt Bazlı İçerik Analizine Göre Değerlendiriciler Arası Güvenilirlik
Ç Bilginer, BÜ Güllü, G Orhan, BM Kalaycı, G Erden, N Koçtürk
Karadeniz Teknik Üniversites, Trabzon
Amaç: Ölçüt bazlı içerik analizi (ÖBİA), cinsel istismar mağduru çocukların gerçek/yalan beyan ayrımında kullanılan 19 ölçütten oluşan adli bir ölçektir. Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’deki cinsel istismar mağduru çocukların beyanlarında ÖBİA’ya göre değerlendiriciler arası güvenilirliğe (DAG) yönelik ilk verileri sunmak amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bağımsız dört değerlendirici (iki psikolog ve iki çocuk psikiyatristi) cinsel istismar mağduru çocuklara ait 31 adli görüşmeyi değerlendirmiştir. Her bir ölçüt 0; yok, 1; mevcut ve 2; güçlü mevcut olarak kodlanmış, 1 ve 2 olarak kodlanan ölçütler “var” kabul edilmiştir. DAG, her bir ölçüt ve toplam ÖBİA skoru için intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) ve Pearson korelasyon testi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Tüm değerlendiriciler arasında her bir görüşme için en az 8 en fazla 18 ölçüt olmak üzere ortalama 13 ölçütün “var” olarak işaretlendiği saptanmıştır. ÖBİA toplam skoru açısından tüm değerlendiriciler arasında güvenilirliğin güçlü olduğu, ölçüt bazından bakıldığında “hafızanın yanılabilirliğini kabul, ilintili dışsal detaylar ve suça dair spesifik özellikler” ölçütlerinde DAG’nin zayıf olduğu, diğer ölçütlerde güvenilirliğin orta-güçlü olduğu saptanmıştır. Öte yandan çocuk psikiyatristleri ve psikologlar kendi arasında değerlendirildiğinde ÖBİA ölçütleri açısından güvenilirliğin büyük oranda zayıf olduğu yalnızca “diyalogların alıntılanması ve saldırganı affetme” ölçütleri açısından her iki değerlendirici grubunda da güvenilirliğin güçlü olduğu bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Bu çalışma, birçok ÖBİA ölçütü için DAG’nin zayıf olduğunu göstermiştir. Bu da mağdur beyanlarının güvenilirliğinin yalnızca ÖBİA’ya göre değerlendirilemeyeceği şeklinde yorumlanmıştır. Türkiye’de cinsel istismar mağduru çocukların beyanlarının içeriğini değerlendiren ileri araştırmalara ihtiyaç vardır.
Interrater Reliability of Criteria Based Content Analyses of Sexually Abused Children’s Statement inTurkey
Objectives: Criteria Based Content Analysis (CBCA) is a forensic tool that consists of 19 criteria used in distinguishing of true/false statements. In this study, it is aimed to present the first data about the interrater reliability (IRR) of CBCA of sexually abused (SA) children’s statements in Turkey. Materials and Methods: Four independent raters (two psychologists and two child psychiatrists) evaluated 31 statements of SA children with CBCA. Each criterion was scored as 0, absent; 1, slightly present; and 2, strongly present. The criteria coded as 1 and 2 were accepted as “present”. IRR was calculated by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Pearson correlation test for each criterion and for the total score of CBCA. Results: Among all raters, an average of 13 criteria, with a minimum of 8 and a maximum of 18 criteria for each interview, were marked as “present”. It was determined that the IRR was strong among all raters in terms of the total score of the CBCA, while examined according to criteria specifically, it was weak in the criteria of “admitting lack of memory, external associations and details characteristics of the offence”, and it was medium-good in the other criteria. However, when the child psychiatrists and psychologists were evaluated among themselves, the ,IRR was weak in most of the CBCA criteria, and only good in the criteria of “reproduction of conversation and pardoning the perpetrator” in both rater groups. Conclusion: In this study, the raters had a low agreement in most of the criteria of CBCA. This infers the credibility of statements can not be interpreted only with CBCA. Further research is needed to assess the content of forensic interviews of SA victims in Turkey

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