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Yıl:2021; Cilt: 12; Sayı: 1>> Özet
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Psikiyatri Hemşireliği Dergisi; 2021;12(1):43-49
İnfertil kadınların ruhsal durumları: Umutsuzluk, anksiyete ve depresyon düzeyleri
S Kamışlı, C Terzioğlu, G Bozdağ
Çankırı Karatekin Üniversitesi, Çankırı
Amaç: Bu çalışma, tüp bebek tedavisine başvuran kadınların umutsuzluk, anksiyete ve depresyon düzeylerinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yapılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışma, bir üniversite hastanesinin “Tüp Bebek Ünitesi”ne Ekim-Kasım 2019 tarihleri arasında başvuran, araştırmaya katılmayı kabul eden ve infertil tanısı almış 70 kadın hasta ile yürütülmüştür. Çalışmanın verileri, Beck Umutsuzluk Ölçeği (BUÖ), Beck Anksiyete Ölçeği (BAÖ), Beck Depresyon Ölçeği (BDÖ) ve Sosyo-demografik Bilgi Formu ile yüz yüze görüşme tekniği kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Çalışmanın etik izni, araştırmanın yapıldığı üniversitenin klinik araştırmalar biriminden alınmıştır. Tanımlayıcı verilerin değerlendirilmesinde frekans ve yüzdelikler; ilişki ve karşılaştırmalar için Ki-Kare ve Spearman Korelasyon Testi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan kadınların %44.4’ü lise, %21.4’ü üniversite mezunudur. Kadınların %60’ı gelir getiren bir işte çalışmamakta ve %57.2’sinin gelir durumu orta düzeydedir. Kadınların %41.4’ü 33 ve üzeri yaşta, %55.7’si kendisinden kaynaklanan nedenlerden dolayı çocuk sahibi olamadığını bildirmiştir. Evlilik yılı ortalamaları 7.4, korunmasız yıl ortalamaları 6.1, BUÖ, BAÖ ve BDÖ puan ortalamaları sırasıyla 7, 35 ve 17’dir. Çalışmaya katılan kadınların, gelir getiren bir işte çalışma durumları ile BAÖ ve BDÖ puanları arasında ve korunmasızlık yılları ile BAÖ puanları arasında anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu belirlenmiştir. Kadınların eğitim durumları ile BAÖ ve BDÖ puanları arasında ters yönde bir ilişki olduğu buna karşın işsizlik durumları ile BUÖ, BAÖ ve BDÖ puanları arasında pozitif yönde anlamlı bir ilişki olduğu görülmüştür. Sonuç: Araştırmaya katılan kadınların eğitim düzeyleri düştükçe BDÖ ve BAÖ puanlarının arttığı ve çalışmayanların BUÖ, BAÖ ve BDÖ puanlarının yüksek olduğu ayrıca korunmasız kaldıkları yıllar arttıkça anksiyete puanlarının da arttığı görülmüştür. Bu bulgulara göre infertilite tedavisi alan kadınlardan; eğitim düzeyi düşük olanlar, çalışmayanlar ve korunmasızlık yılları fazla olanların risk grubu olarak ele alınması, kaygı ve depresyon yönünden taranması gerekmektedir. İnfertilite alanında çalışan tüm hemşireler, tedavi başarısını artırmak için psikososyal danışmanlık becerilerini geliştirmeli ve danışmanlık becerileri bu alanda verilen hizmetlerde aktif kullanılmalıdır.
The psychological health of women with infertility: Hopelessness, anxiety and depression levels
Objectives: This study was performed to determine the level of hopelessness, anxiety and depression in women who applied for infertility treatment. Methods: The study was conducted with 70 female patients who applied to the “IVF Unit” of a university hospital in Ankara, Turkey between October and November 2019, had agreed to participate in the study and were diagnosed with infertility. The data of the study were collected using the face to face interview technique with the Beck Hopelessness Inventory (BHI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Socio-demographic Information Forms. The ethical permission of the study was taken from the clinical research unit of the university where the research was conducted. Frequency and percentages in the evaluation of descriptive data; Chi-Square and Spearman Correlation Test was used for relationships and comparisons. Results: Of the participants, 44.4% completed high school and 21.4% had an undergraduate degree. Of them, 60% were unemployed and 57.2% are middle-income earners. Of them, 41.4% were 33 and older; 55.7% stated that they had no children due to infertility. The average year of marriage was 7.4, average years of unprotected intercourse was 6.1, and BHI, BAI and BDI score averages were 7, 35 and 17 respectively. It was determined that there was a significant relationship between the status of unemployment of the women participating in the study and BHI, BAI and BDI scores, and between the years of unprotected intercourse and the BAI scores. It was observed that there was a negative correlation between women's education levels and the BAI and BDI scores, whereas there was a positive relationship between unemployed and BHI, BAI and BDI. Conclusion: As the education levels of the women participating in the study decreased, BDI and BAI scores increased. It was observed that unemployed women had high scores on BHI, BAI and BDI, and anxiety scores increased as the years they had unprotected intercourse increased. According to these findings, among women receiving infertility treatment; those with a low education level, those who do not work and those with many years of having unprotected intercourse should be considered as a high risk group and screened for anxiety and depression. Nurses working in the field of infertility should improve their psychosocial counseling skills and consultancy skills should be used actively in the services provided in this field

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