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Yıl:2021; Cilt: 8; Sayı: 1>> Özet
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Türk Uyku Tıbbı Dergisi; 2021;8(1):15-19
Mikst Tipte Anormal Solunum Olaylarının Obstrüktif Uyku Apne Sendromu Tedavisi Üzerindeki Etkileri
C Aliş, GB Şenel, D Karadeniz
İstanbul Üniversitesi-Cerrahpaşa, İstanbul
Amaç: Obstrüktif Uyku Apne sendromu (OUAS) hastalarında obstrüktif tipte apne/hipopneler ile birlikte santral ve/veya mikst tipte apne/ hipopneler görülebilmektedir. OUAS’ye eşlik eden mikst tipte apne/ hipopnelerin tedavi üzerindeki etkisi henüz netliğe kavuşmamıştır. Çalışmamızda, uyku ve bozuklukları birimimizde OUAS tanısı alan hastalarda, obstrüktif tipte apne/hipopnelere eşlik eden santral ve/veya mikst tipte anormal solunum olaylarının (ASO) etkin pozitif hava yolu basıncı (PAP) tedavisi üzerindeki muhtemel etkileri araştırılmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Uyku ve bozuklukları birimimizde iki yıl süre ile tüm gece polisomnografi tetkiki yapılan hastalar ardışık olarak incelendi. OUAS tanısı alan ancak santral ve/veya mikst tipte ASO eşlik eden hastalar çalışmaya dahil edildi. Bu hastalara ikinci gece titrasyon amaçlı polisomnografisi yapılarak etkin PAP modu belirlendi. Bulgular: Çalışmaya toplam 70 hasta dahil edildi; yaş ortalaması 55,4±11,7 yıl idi ve 15’i (%21,4) kadın, 55’i (%78,6) erkekti. Hastaların 60’ında (%85,7) “continuous” modunda PAP tedavisinin etkin olduğu (grup 1); 10 hastada ise (%14,3) diğer modlarda (BPAP-ST/ASV) tedavinin gerekli olduğu (grup 2) görüldü. Cinsiyet ve yaş açısından iki grup arasında istatistiksel anlamlı fark saptanmadı (sırasıyla, p=0,314 ve p=0,193). İki grup arasında eşlik eden hastalıklar açısından da anlamlı fark izlenmedi (p=0,081). Santral tipte ASO varlığında BPAP/ASV modunda tedavilere daha sıklıkla ihtiyaç duyulduğu (p=0,039), mikst tipte ASO varlığında ise sürekli pozitif hava yolu basıncı (CPAP) modunun yeterli olduğu izlendi (p=0,055). Sonuç: Çalışmamızda santral ve/veya mikst tipte apne/hipopnelerin eşlik ettiği OUAS hastalarında cinsiyet, yaş ve eşlik eden risk grubu hastalıkların tedavide uygulanan cihaz tipinde etkili faktörler olarak rol oynamadığı görülmüştür. Santral tipte apne/hipopnelerin varlığında BPAP/ASV modunda tedaviye gereksinim duyulmasına karşın, mikst tipte apne/hipopnelerin benzer etki göstermediği ve CPAP modu ile etkin tedavi sağlanabildiği ortaya konulmuştur.
The Effects of Mixed Type Abnormal Respiratory Events on the Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome
Objective: Central or mixed apneas may accompany obstructive apneas in patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea syndrome (OSAS). There is scant evidence about the potential impact of mixed apneas on the therapy modalities. Here, apneas/hypopnoeas’ central and/or mixed effects on the positive airway pressure (PAP) modes chosen to be effective in patients with OSAS were evaluated. Materials and Methods: Patients who underwent a whole night polysomnography within last 2 years in our Sleep and Disorders Unit were consecutively examined. The patients included were those diagnosed with OSAS associated with central and/or mixed apneas. To determine the effective PAP modes, a second night polysomnography for titration was performed in these patients. Results: A total of 70 patients were included in the study, wherein 55 (78.6%) were males, with a mean age of 55.4±11.7 years. Continuous mode PAP (CPAP) therapy was effective in 60 patients (85.7%, group 1), whereas other modes (as BPAP-ST/ASV) were needed in 10 patients (14.3%, group 2). No statistically significant difference was found between the two groups in terms of gender, age or comorbid diseases (p=0.314, p=0.193 and p=0.081, respectively). Although BPAP-ST/ASV mode was needed in the presence of central apneas (p=0.039), CPAP mode was effective in OSAS patients with mixed apneas (p=0.055). Conclusion: The results showed that gender, age or comorbid conditions did not play a significant role in the determination of effective PAP mode. Mixed type abnormal respiratory events differed from central apneas/ hypopnoeas as they did not require the use of BPAP-ST/ASV mode, and CPAP mode was effective enough in OSAS patients that manifested mixed type abnormal respiratory events.

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