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Yıl:2005; Cilt: 43; Sayı: 1>> Özet
TAM METİN
Yeni Symposium; 2005;43(1):3-8
Sanatsal Yaratıcılık ve Beyin
E Bora, Y Alper
Sanatsal ve yaratıcı eylem diğer tüm insan etkinlikleri gibi beynin bir ürünüdür. Son yıllarda sinirbilimlerdeki kimi gelişmeler sanatsal ve yaratıcı eylemin nöronal temellerini ortaya koyabilme umudumuzu artırmıştır. Yaratıcı eylem, sanatçılar, düşünce adamları, bâzı toplum önderleri ve bilim adamları arasında sık görülür. Ama sanatsal yaratıcılık söz konusu olunca, işin içine estetik kavramı girer. Semir Zeki ve bâzı diğer araştırmacılar son zamanlarda ilgilerini estetik kavramının ve soyutlamanın beyindeki karşılığına yöneltmiştirler. Beynin neyi, nasıl güzel bulduğunu araştırmayı hedeşeyen bu araştırmacılar, bu çalışmaları nöroestetik adı altında toplamaktadırlar. Görsel bilgi işleme ve müziğin nöropsikolojisi hakkındaki artan bilgilerimiz sanatsal becerinin altında yatan nöronal süreçleri anlamamıza olanak sağlamaktadır. Ressamların akromotopsi, ihmâl sendromu gibi durumlardan nasıl etkilendiği, sağ veya sol beyin hasarı sonrası sanatsal tarzlarının nasıl değişebildiğini gösteren çok sayıda olgu çalışması vardır. Frontotemporal demans olgularında görsel ve müzik alanında daha önce var olmayan becerilerin gelişebildiği bildirilmiştir. Ravel gibi bâzı sanatçıların müzikal yeteneklerinin beyin hastalıkları veya demans gibi durumlardan etkilenmeleri söz konusu olmuştur. Sinirbilim insana en özgü bilişsel yeteneklerden biri olan sanatsal yaratıcılık konusundaki gizemi bir ölçüde aydınlatmak potansiyelini taşır gözükmektedir,
Artistic Creativity and Brain
As all other human activities, artistic and creative abilities are products of brain. Rapid and continuous development in the field of neuroscience has increased our hope to reveal the neuronal correlates of artistic and creative abilities. The concept of aesthetics is also important dimension of artistic creativity. Semir Zeki and some other researchers investigate the neural mechanisms underlying artistic perception and production and label this new field under the name of neuroesthetics. Our increasing knowledge on visual information processing and neuropsychology of music helps us to understand the neuronal architecture underlying artistic production. There are many reports about the effect of focal brain syndromes (like achromotopsia and neglect syndrome) and neurodegenerative diseases on the artistic production of established artists. Interestingly, development of artistic abilities in frontotemporal dementia is possible. The art of many musicians and composers like Ravel also had been affected by brain disease. Neuroscience has the potential to reveal the mystery of artistic creativity.

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