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Yıl:2020; Cilt: 40; Sayı: 2>> Özet
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Psikoloji Çalışmaları; 2020;40(2):533-559
Kişilik Özellikleri, Mizah Tarzları ve Üniversiteye Uyum Arasındaki Doğrudan veDolaylı İlişkiler: Mizah Tarzlarının Aracı Rolü
ÖT Sözer, SÖ Dursun, N Yortan, Ü Güreşen, M Şakiroğlu
Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi, Aydın
Üniversite uyumu, üniversiteye yeni başlayan gençlerin en sık karşılaştıkları yaşam zorlukları arasındadır. Uyum sürecini olumlu ya da olumsuz etkileyebilecek çeşitli bireysel farklılıklar olabilir. Bu farklılıkların ve uyumu kolaylaştırabilecek değişkenlerin belirlenmesi öğrencilerin yaşayabilecekleri zorlukların anlaşılması açısından önemli olacaktır ve erken müdahale imkanı sunacaktır. Buradan hareketle bu çalışma üniversiteye uyumda kişilik özelliklerinin ve mizah tarzlarının doğrudan etkisini ve kişilik özellikleri ile üniversiteye uyum arasındaki ilişkide mizah tarzlarının dolaylı etkisini incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Kişilik özellikleri Pekiştirmeye Duyarlılık Kuramı doğrultusunda önerilen davranışsal aktivasyon ve davranışsal inhibisyon sistemleri referans alınarak değerlendirilmiştir. Mizah tarzları ise kendini geliştirici, kendini yıkıcı, katılımcı ve saldırgan mizah olarak dört farklı boyutta ele alınmıştır. Türkiye’deki bir devlet üniversitesinde birinci sınıf okuyan 282 öğrenci araştırmaya dahil edilmiştir. Katılımcıların 193’ü kadın, 87’si erkektir. Araştırmada Davranışsal Aktivasyon-İnhibisyon Ölçeği, Mizah Tarzları Ölçeği ve Üniversite Yaşamı Ölçeği kağıt-kalem formu olarak uygulanmıştır. Bulgular davranışsal inhibisyonun üniversiteye uyumu negatif, davranışsal aktivasyonun ise üniversiteye uyumu pozitif yönde yordadığını göstermiştir. Ayrıca kendini yıkıcı mizah tarzının üniversiteye uyumu negatif, kendini geliştirici ve katılımcı mizahın ise üniversiteye uyumu pozitif yönde yordadığı saptanmıştır. Yürütülen aracılık analizleri sonuçlarına göre davranışsal aktivasyon ile üniversiteye uyum arasındaki ilişkide kendini geliştirici ve katılımcı mizah tarzlarının kısmi aracı oldukları saptanmıştır. Ayrıca davranışsal inhibisyon ile üniversiteye uyum arasındaki ilişkide kendini yıkıcı mizahın aracı rolü incelenmiş, ancak analiz sonuçları kendini yıkıcı mizah tarzının aracı rolü olmadığını göstermiştir. Sonuçlara göre DİS ve kendini yerici mizah tarzı üniversite uyumu açısından risk faktörleri olarak değerlendirilebilirken DAS, kendini geliştirici ve katılımcı mizah tarzları uyum sürecini kolaylaştırabilir. Ödül duyarlılığı yüksek öğrenciler üniversiteye uyum sağlarken olumlu mizah tarzlarını kullanmakla birlikte, ceza duyarlılığı yüksek öğrencilerin uyum sürecinde yaşadıkları güçlüklerde olumsuz mizah tarzının rolü bulunmamaktadır. Bu sebeple bazı kişilik özelliklerinin üniversite uyumu için risk oluşturabileceğinin farkında olunmasının ve bir baş etme yöntemi olarak olumlu mizah tarzlarının geliştirilmesinin uyum sürecine katkıda bulunabileceği düşünülmektedir
Direct and Indirect Relationships Between Personality Characteristics, Humor Styles and University Adjustment:The Mediating Role of Humor Styles
University adjustment is one of the most common life challenges that freshman encounter. There may be several individual differences that can either positively or negatively affect the adjustment process. Identifying the individual differences and variables that facilitate the adjustment process is significant to an understanding of students' adjustment difficulties and to hereby providing the opportunity for early intervention. For this reason, this study aims to investigate the direct effect of personality and humor styles on university adjustment and the indirect effect of humor styles on the relationship between personality and university adjustment. Behavioral activation and behavioral inhibition systems, postulated by Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory, were taken as a reference to measure personality characteristics. Humor styles were categorized in four different dimensions; self-enhancing, affiliative, self-defeating, and aggressive humor. Participants were 282 freshman students from a public university in Turkey. Of the participants 193 were female and 87 were male. Behavioral Activation-Inhibition Scale, Humor Styles Scale and University Life Scale were applied using a paper-pencil form. The results showed that while university adjustment was negatively predicted by behavioral inhibition, it was positively predicted by behavioral activation. Also, self-defeating humor predicted university adjustment negatively, while self-enhancing and affiliative humor predicted it positively. The results of the mediation analyses revealed that the relationship between behavioral activation and university adjustment was mediated partially by self-enhancing and affiliative humor styles. The mediational role of self-defeating humor in the relationship between behavioral inhibition and university adjustment was also examined, but the result showed that self-defeating humor had no mediational role. According to the results, BIS and self-defeating humor style seem to be risk factors for university adjustment whereas BAS, self-enhancing and affiliative humor styles facilitate this process. Students high in reward sensitivity use positive humor styles when adjusting to university, whereas difficulties in the adjustment process of students high in punishment sensitivity are not due to the use of malignant humor styles. For this reason, recognizing some personality characteristics as risk factors for university adjustment and enhancing positive humor styles as coping strategies may be helpful for dealing with the adjustment process.

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