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Yıl:2020; Cilt: 4; Sayı: 8>> Özet
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Yaşam Becerileri Psikoloji Dergisi; 2020;4(8):181-194
Sigara Kullanan Bireylerde Yoksunluğun Dikkat Türleri Üzerindeki Etkisi
Mc Tanfer, G Pakyürek
Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi, İzmir
Bu çalışmada; sigara kullanan ve araştırmacı tarafından yoksun bırakılan katılımcıların yoksunluk durumlarının dikkat düzeylerinde nasıl bir farklılık gözleneceğinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Araştırmanın örneklemini, amaçlı örnekleme yoluyla seçilen, Aydın Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi'nde lisans eğitimine devam eden, 20-25 yaş arası (%53.3 kadın, %46.7 erkek) toplam 45 üniversite öğrencisi oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada Demografik Bilgi Formu, Fagerström Nikotin Bağımlılık Testi, Nikotin Stroop Görevi, d2 Dikkat Testi ve n-Geri Görevi kullanılmıştır. Nikotin Stroop Görevi, katılımcıların sigara ile ilişkili ve sigara ile ilişkisiz olmak üzere iki kelime listesini okuması şeklindedir. Sonrasında seçici ve sürdürülebilir dikkati belirlemek amacıyla uyaran olarak “d” ve “p” harfleri kullanılan d2 dikkat testi ölçümlenmiştir. Testte katılımcıdan üstünde, altında veya biri altında biri üstünde olmak üzere iki adet nokta bulunan “d” harflerinin bulunması istenmiştir. Son olarak bölünmüş dikkat düzeyini belirlemek amacıyla katılımcılara n-Geri Görevi verilmiştir. n-Geri görevinde katılımcıdan aynı anda görsel ve işitsel uyaranlara dikkat edip ardışık olarak aynı uyaranı algıladığında araştırmacı tarafından belirlenen tuşlara basması beklenmiştir. Veriler bağımsız örneklem t-testi ile Son Faktör Tekrarlı ANOVA aracılığıyla değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırmanın bulgularında; yoksun bırakılan bireylerin sigara kullananlara göre sürdürülebilir dikkat performansının daha düşük olduğu saptanmıştır (p<0.05). Yoksun bırakılan bireylerin sigara kullananlara göre bölünmüş dikkat, seçici dikkat ve dikkat yanlılığı performansında anlamlı farklılıklara rastlanmamıştır (p>0.05). Bulgular tartışma bölümünde ilgili literatür çerçevesinde değerlendirilmiştir.
The Effect of Nıcotine Abstinence on Attention Types in Smokers
This study aims to determine the differences in the attention levels of the deprivation status of the participants who are smoking and deprived by the researcher. In this research, there are 45 university students between the ages of 20-25 (53.3% female, 46.7% male) who were chosen by purposive sampling and continuing their undergraduate education at Aydin Adnan Menderes University. Fagerström Nicotine Dependence Test, Nicotine Stroop Task, d2 Attention Test and N-Back Task were used in the study. The participants of the study consisted of 2 groups who were changed by nicotine deprivation by the researcher. Participants were shown two lists of words, individually related to smoking and not related to smoking. Then, to determine selective and sustainable attention, the d2 attention test was measured. Finally, the n-Back Task was assigned to the participants to determine the level of divided attention. In the n-Back task, the participant was expected to pay attention to visual and auditory stimuli at the same time and press the keys determined by the researcher when he/she detected the same stimulus consecutively. Independent samples t-test was used to evaluate the data using the Last Factor Repeated ANOVA. In the findings of the research; it was found that the deprived participants had lower sustained attention performance than the smokers (p<0.05). The findings were evaluated in the discussion section within the framework of the recent literature.

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