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Yıl:2016; Cilt: ; Sayı: 25>> Özet
Yansıtma: Psikopatoloji ve Projektif Testler Dergisi; 2016;(25):101-113
Hapis Cezası veya Yakın Gözetim İçermeyen Hükümlere Uymayan Çocuklar Kim? Rorschach Testi ile Yapılan Bir Brezilya Çalışması
REF de Castro, MA de Souza (Çeviren: M Kurutaş)
Uluslararası gençler için adalet hareketi; genç suçlulara hapis cezası verilmesini engellemeyi prensip olarak benimsemektedir. Bu bağlamda Brezilya'da genç suçlulara uygulanan hükümlerin büyük bir kısmını non-custodial hükümler oluşturmaktadır. Bu alternatif hükümler toplumsal hizmet ya da denetimli serbestliktir. Genç suçluların büyük bir çoğunluğu bu hükümlere katılımla alakalı zorluklar yaşamaktadır ve mahkeme karanna uymayan çocuklar vardır. Bu çalışma non-custodial hükümlü ve hükme katılım zorlukları yaşayan 30 genç suçluyla yapılan araştırmanın bir parçasıdır. Genç suçlular katılım gayretlerine göre 3 gruba ayrılmıştır: düzenli katılım gösterenler, düzensiz katılım gösterenler ve katılım göstermeyenler. Suç ve non-custodial hiükmün ayrıntıları hakkında veri yasal süreçlerdeki tutanaklardan toplanmıştır. Klinik veri ise görüşmelerden ve Rorschach Testinden sağlanmıştır. Rorschach testinin skorlaması ve yorumu Fransız Metodolojisine (Paris Okulu) göre yapılmıştır. Analizler suçluluğa uyarlanmış Winnicott psikanalitik teorisine dayanmaktadır. Çalışma toplumsal hizmet ve denetimli serbestliğe katılan ergenlerle, katılmayan ergenleri psikolojik işlevsellik açısından karşılaştırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Yaşları 14-17 aralığında olan bu erkek çocuklarının büyük çoğunluğu ebeveynleri tarafından yetiştirilmeyen ve okula devam etmeyen çocuklardır. Rorschach bulguları katılım zorluklarının sınırlı psişik kaynaklara dair temel algıyla ilişkili olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu ergenlerin gerçeklikten olabildiğince kaçınarak izole bir işlevsellik sergilediği görülmektedir.
Who are the Children that do not Obey the Non-Custodial Orders? A Brazilian Study with the Rorschach Test
Justice movement for international youth is embracing the principle of restriction of prison sentence for young criminals. In this context, most of the sentences applied to Joung Brazilian criminals consist non-custodial ones. These alternative sentences are community services or supervised release. Most of the young criminals are facing difficulties serving these sentences and, in some cases, fail to obey the court orders. This study is a part ofa research about 30 young criminals who are non-custodially convicted or having difficulties serving their sentences. This group is divided into three subgroups, based on their willingness to participate the study: regular participants, irregular participants and non-participants. The data about crime and non-custodial sentence is gathered from official reports of legal processes. And clinical data is gathered from sessions and Rorschach Tests of each individual. Scorings and interpretations of Rorschach Tests are based on French Methodology (Paris School). Analyses are depending on the criminal adoption of Winnicott psychoanalytic theory. The object of the study is comparing adolescents who serve supervised release sentence to those who do not, on the basis of psychological functionality. Majority of these young boys, hose ages differ between 14 and 17, are not raised by their parents and have chosen to drop out their schools. Rorschach findings are indicating that participation problems are related to basic perception about limited psychic resources. These adolescents are seen as displaying an isolated functionality by avoiding reality as much possible.

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