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Yıl:2015; Cilt: ; Sayı: 23>> Özet
Yansıtma: Psikopatoloji ve Projektif Testler Dergisi; 2015;(23):81-96
Bipolar Bozuklukta Erken Dönem Nesne İlişkilerinin ve Nesne Kaybının Projektif Testlerle İncelenmesi
E Bektaş, T İkiz
Bipolar Bozukluk, mani ve depresyon dönemleriyle giden ataklar arasında iyilik dönemlerinin olduğu kronik seyirli psikiyatrik bir bozukluktur (Angst, 1986). Bipolar Bozukluk, Amerikan Psikiyatri Birliği tarafından yayınlanan “Psikiyatride Hastalikların Tanımlanması ve Sınıflandırılması El Kitabı”nda (DSM-IV-TR) göre duygudurum bozuklukları başlığında incelenmektedir (Köroğlu, 2009). Psikanalitik literatürde bipolar bozukluk (manik depresif bozukluk), psikozun özel bir şekli olarak ele alınmaktadır. Bu konu ile ilgili ilk açıklamalar Karl Abraham’dan gelmiş; depresyonda libidonun sürekli ve pozitif kullanımında bir başarısızlık olduğunu söylemiştir. Manide ise depresyondaki ruhsal ketlenmelerin ortadan kalktığını söylemiştir (Abraham, 1911). Daha sonra Freud, “Yas ve Melankoli" isimli eserinde ne melankoli arasındaki benzerliğe işaret ederek melankolinin sevgi nesnesinin gerçek ya da soyut anlamda kaybının sonrasında ortaya çıktığını belirtmiştir. Bu kişilerde nesne seçiminin narsisistik düzlemde gerçekleştiğini ve melankolinin maniye dönme eğilimi olduğunu söylemiştir (Freud, 1917). Bu çalışmada ise bipolar bozukluğu olan 45 yaşındaki kadın hastanın ruhsal yapılanması Rorschach Testi ve T.A.T aracılığıyla incelenecektir. Elde edilen bilgiler psikanalitik kuram kapsamında incelenecektir.
The Examination of Early Period Object Relations and Lost Object in Bipolar Disorder with Projective Tests
Bipolar disorder is a chronic psychiatric disorder having periods of wellness between periods of mania and depression attacks (Angst, 1986). According to the DSM-IV- TR, bipolar disorder is investigated under the topic of mood disorders (Koroglu, 2009). It can be seen in the psychoanalytic literature that bipolar disorder is regarded as a special form of psychosis. The first studies were conducted by Abraham. He states that during depression, the constant and positive usage of libido fails. He also says that during mania the spiritual inhibitions in depression disappear (Abraham, 1911). Abraham states that there is a deviation in the oral period in depressive disorder (Abraham, 1924). Following Abraham's studies, Freud, in his work “Mourning and Melancholia", shows the resemblance between mourning and melancholia and emphasizes that melancholia results from the loss of the real or abstract object of love. He also says that object-preference of these individuals is realized at a narcissistic level and that melancholia has a tendency to change into mania (Freud, 1917). In this study, the psychic constellation of a 45 year-old female patient with bipolar disorder will be investigated by the help of Rorschach Test, TAT and psychoanalytic theory.

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