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Yıl:2013; Cilt: ; Sayı: 20>> Özet
Yansıtma: Psikopatoloji ve Projektif Testler Dergisi; 2013;(20):91-98
İlköğretimde Projektif Testler: "Unutulmuş Dil"'in Yansıması
SÖ Uzunoğlu
Bir çocuğa projektif bir test uyguladığınızda çocuk, tıpkı rüya deneyiminde olduğu gibi, sembolik dilde, yani içsel deneyimlerinin, duygu ve düşüncelerinin dilinde konuşur, hikayeler anlatır. Eğer çocuk nevrotik ise bunu düşlem gerçeklik arasında bir denge sağlayarak yapar. Bu nedenle çocuğun gerçekliğe karşı tutumunu da görebileceğimiz bir deneyimdir bu. Bu yönüyle projektif testler tıpkı oyun deneyimi gibi çocuk için bir geçiş alanı olabilir. İlkokul döneminde okulda projektif testlerin kullanımı üzerine konuşacağım için latans döneminden bahsetmek önemli diye düşünüyorum. Anna Freud'a göre latans dönemde, daha çnce agresifçe ve yıkıcı bir biçimde kullanılan malzemer, toplumsal yaşama uyum için, inşa etme, planlama, paylaşma ve öğrenme gibi daha yapıcı bir biçimde kullanılırlar. Oynayabilme kapasitesi değişim geçirerek çalışabilme yeteneğine, ani doyumu amaçlayan haz ilkesi, hazzı ertelemeyi sağlayan gerçeklik ilkesine, yanı bekleyebilme ve bir planı gerçekleştirebilmeye, kademeli bir geçiş olarak ifade edilebilir.
Projective Tests At Elementary School: Projection of a Forgotten Language
When you administer a projective test to a child, he speaks in symbolic language, talks about his internal experiences, emotions and thoughts, just like a dream. If the child is neurotic, he does it by creating a balance between fantasy and reality. From this aspect projective methods can be a transitional area for the child, just like playing. As I talk about projective methods in elementary school, it is important to talk about latency period. According to Anna Freud, in latency period materials previously used agressively and destructively are now used in a constructive way towards building, planning, sharing and learning needed for adaptation to communal life. The ability to play evolves into ability to work, with a gradual transition of the pleasure principle to the deferred gratification of the reality principle: the capacity to wait, carry out a plan. Projective methods used at school while working with children are verbal tests like CAT and TAT and drawing tests like, The Human Figure Drawing Test, The Family Drawing Test and The Tree Drawing Test. These tests cannot be used as a determines the need is information given by educators, class activities and observations, feedback fromn families and from children. Each child's basic concern is on the parents and projective methods provide a facilitative area for the child to express this concern. For this reason, guidance counselors need to make parents think about what their chid has talked about, and help them to draw their attention to their child's psychological concerns.

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