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Yıl:2020; Cilt: 23; Sayı: 3>> Özet
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Klinik Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2020;23(3):375-385
Çocuk ve ergenlerde bipolar bozukluk manik epizodda (BPB-ME) plasebo kontrollü ilaç çalışmaları: Sistematik derleme, meta-analiz ve plasebo yanıtı üzerine bir meta-regresyon
R Oğulcan Çıray, P Hançer, M Tunçtürk, N İnal Emiroğlu
Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi,İzmir
Randomize plasebo kontrollü çalışmalar (RKÇ) tıbbi tedavilerin etkinliğini ve güvenliğini test etmekte çok önemlidir. Çocukluk çağı bipolar bozukluğun manik epizodunda yapılmış çok fazla RKÇ bulunmamaktadır. Bu çalışmalardaki yüksek plasebo yanıtı pratikte gerçek ilaç yanıtlarının tespitinde sorunlara neden olmaktadır. Bu nedenle ilaç ve plasebo yanıtının belirleyicilerini analiz etmek ileride daha güvenilir RKÇ'ler yürütebilmek için önemli olmaktadır. PubMed, ClinicalTrials.gov, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials ve bazı diğer arama motorlarında geniş bir tarama yapıldı. Bipolar bozukluk manik epizod ve eşlik eden semptomlar(DEHB, irritabilite vb.) çalışmaya dahil edildi. Cinsiyet, etnisite ya da başlangıç şiddeti ile ilgili bir sınırlama getirilmedi. 18 yaşın üzerinde katılımcı olan çalışmalar dışlandı. Plasebo ve ilaç etki büyüklüklerini hesaplamak için random etki büyüklüğü modeli kullanıldı. Toplamda 1974 katılımcı ve 11 çalışma meta-analize dahil edildi. Risperidon ilaç kolunda en yüksek etki büyüklüğüne sahipti. Meta-regresyonda merkezlerin sayısı ve katılımcıların sayısı yüksek plasebo yanıtıyla ilişkili bulundu. İlaç yanıtı etkileyen herhangi bir değişken bulunmadı. Meta-analizde herhangi bir yayın yanlığı tespit edilmedi. Çalışmada erişkin çalışmaları ile benzer sonuçlar bulundu. Randomize edilen katılımcı sayısını ve katılan merkez sayısını modifye etmek plasebo yanıtını sınırlayabilir ve RKÇ'lerin etkinliğini geliştirebilir ve ilaçplasebo farklılıklarını arttırabilir.
Placebo-controlled pharmacological trials in child and adolescents with bipolar disorder manic episode (BPD-ME): Systematic review, meta-analysis and a meta-regression on placebo response
Randomized placebo controlled trials (RCT) are very important for testing efficacy and safety of a medical treatment. There is no too much RCT`s in childhood bipolar disorder manic episode. In these trials, high placebo response poses a problem for the definition of real drug responses in practice. Therefore, analysis of predictors of drug and placebo response are important for conducting more reliable RCT`s in the future. Comprehensive search conducted in PubMed, ClinicalTrials.gov, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) and some other electronic databases. Studies including participants with Bipolar Disorder manic episode and associated symptoms (e.g ADHD, irritability) included. There was no restriction in terms of sex, ethnicity or initial severity. Participants over age 18 were excluded. Random effect size model was used for calculate effect sizes for placebo and drugs. A total of 1974 participants and 11 studies were included in the meta-analysis. Risperidone was highest effect size among drug arms. Number of the sites and number of the participants were associated with higher placebo response in meta-regression. We did not find any variable had an impact on drug response. There was no any publication bias in this meta-analysis. We found similar results as adult studies. Modifying number of the sites or ramdomized sample size may limit placebo response and could improve the efficacy of RCT`s and enhance drugplacebo contrasts.

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