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Yıl:2020; Cilt: 23; Sayı: 3>> Özet
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Klinik Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2020;23(3):256-265
Bir ayaktan tedavi birimine başvuran alkol ve madde kullanım bozukluğu tanılı kadın hastalarda klinik özellikler, ek ruhsal hastalıklar ve tedavi sonuçları
E Aldemir
Ege Üniversitesi, İzmir
Alkol ve madde bağımlılığına yönelik yapılan çalışmalar, tarihsel olarak, kadın hastaları ihmal etmiş ve sadece erkek hastalarda yapılan çoğu çalışmanın sonuçları kadın popülasyonuna genelleştirilmiştir. Bu çalışmada, alkol/madde kullanım bozukluğu nedeniyle tedavi olmak üzere bir bağımlılık polikliniğine başvuran kadın hastalarda, sosyodemografik özelliklerin, alkol/madde kullanım özelliklerinin, ek ruhsal hastalıkların ve tedavi ve izlem sonuçlarının geriye dönük olarak incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Ege Üniversitesi Bağımlılık Polikliniği’ne 1 Mayıs 2013 ile 31 Ağustos 2018 tarihleri arasında ardışık olarak başvuran ve DSM 5’e göre alkol/madde kullanım bozukluğu tanısı alan 68 kadın olgunun dosyası incelendi. Bulgular: Olguların %60.3’ünde alkol, %39.7’sinde madde kullanım bozukluğu mevcuttu. Madde kullanım bozukluğu tanısı olanlarda ağırlıklı olarak kullanılan madde %44.4 ile çoğul madde idi. Alkol kullanım bozukluğu tanılı olgularda sorunlu alkol kullanımı süresi 8.3±7.8 yıl, madde kullanım bozukluğu tanılı olgularda sorunlu madde kullanımı süresi 7.6±5.4 yıldı. Alkol kullanım bozukluğu olan grubun sorunlu alkol kullanımına başlama yaşı, madde kullanım bozukluğu olan grubun sorunlu madde kullanımına başlama yaşından daha büyüktü (t=3.643, p=0.001). Tüm olguların %54.2’sinde depresif bozukluk mevcuttu. Olguların %70.5’i en azından 1 ay süreyle kontrole gelmiş, en azından 1 ay süreyle kontrole gelen olguların %47.9’u idame tedavi almış ve kontrole geldiği süre boyunca %37.5’i tam ayıklığı sağlamıştı. Sonuç: Alkol/madde kullanım bozukluğu tanılı kadın hasta grubunda, sosyodemografik ve klinik özelliklerin değerlendirildiği, ülkemizdeki en geniş örneklemli bu çalışmanın bulguları, kontrollü ve uzunlamasına izlemli çalışmalarla geliştirilmeli ve desteklenmelidir.
Clinical features, comorbid mental disordersand treatment outcomes in female patientswith alcohol and drug use disorder admitted toan outpatient treatment unit: A retrospectivestudy
The studies on alcohol/drug addiction have historically neglected female patients and the results of most studies exclusively conducted on male patients have been generalized to include female population. This study aims to retrospectively investigate the sociodemographic characteristics, alcohol/drug consumption characteristics, comorbid mental illnesses, treatment and follow-up results in female patients who applied to an outpatient addiction clinic for the treatment of alcohol/drug use disorder. Method: The patient files of the consecutive 68 women who visited Ege University Outpatient Addiction Clinic between May 1, 2013 and August 31, 2018 and were diagnosed with alcohol/drug use disorder according to DSM-5 were analyzed. Results: The findings revealed that 60.3% of patients had alcohol, 39.7% had drug use disorder. The drug mainly used by the ones diagnosed with drug use disorder was polydrug with a ratio of 44.4%. The duration of problematic alcohol use in the women diagnosed with alcohol use disorder was 8.3±7.8 years, the duration of problematic drug use in the women diagnosed with drug use disorder was 7.6±5.4 years. The age of onset of problematic alcohol use in the group with alcohol use disorder was higher than the age of onset of problematic drug use in the group with drug use disorder (t=3.643, p=0.001). Depressive disorder was observed in 54.2% of all patients. 70.5% of patients attended outpatient clinic follow-up at least for a period of 1 month, 47.9% of the patients who attended follow-up appointments at least for a period of 1 month received maintenance treatment and 37.5% of those maintained complete abstinence during that period. Discussion: The findings of this study with the largest sample in our country where sociodemographic and clinical characteristics are evaluated in a group of female patients diagnosed with alcohol/drug use disorder should be developed and supported by controlled and longitudinal follow-up studies.

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