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Yıl:2020; Cilt: 23; Sayı: 3>> Özet
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Klinik Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2020;23(3):266-273
Depresyon ile geleceğe yönelik öngörüler ve yürütsel işlevler değişkenleri arasindaki ilişkilerin incelenmesi
H Ergüler, A Durak Batıgün
Doğu Akdeniz Üniversitesi, Kuzey Kıbrıs
Çalışmanın amacı, depresyon belirtileri ile geleceğe yönelik öngörüler ve yürütsel işlevler arasındaki ilişkileri incelemek; yürütsel işlevler ile depresyon arasındaki ilişkide geleceğe yönelik öngörülerin aracı rolünü belirlemektir. Yöntem: Beck Depresyon Envanteri, Kişilerarası Nörobiyoloji Temelli Yürütsel İşlevler Ölçeği ve Geleceğe Yönelik Öngörüler Ölçeği veri toplama araçları olarak kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın örneklemini, 235’i kadın (%58.6) 166’sı erkek (%41.4) olmak üzere, 401 üniversite öğrencisi oluşturmuştur. Yaş aralığı 18-31, yaş ortalaması 21.44’dür (ss= 2.33). Bulgular: Yapılan istatistik analizler sonucunda, depresyon belirtileri ile geleceğe yönelik olumlu öngörüler arasında negatif, olumsuz öngörüler arasında ise pozitif ilişkilerin bulunduğu görülmektedir. Yürütsel işlevler toplam puanları ile depresyon belirtileri arasında ise negatif bir ilişki söz konusudur. Buna ek olarak, aracı değişkenli regresyon analizi sonuçları yürütsel işlevler ile depresyon belirtileri arasındaki ilişkide geleceğe yönelik olumlu ve olumsuz öngörülerin aracılık rollerinin olduğunu göstermektedir. Sonuç: Elde edilen bulgular, depresyon tedavisi sırasında psikoterapinin yapılandırılmasına katkı sağlayabilir. Örneğin, terapi seansları esnasında hastanın alışılmış tutumlara katı bir şekilde bağlılık, alternatif problem çözme yollarını belirleyememe, katı açıklama tarzları ve bilişsel esneklikte zayıflama gibi yürütsel işlevlerine yönelik özellikleri belirlenerek, bunlar üzerinde çalışılabilir. Ayrıca, bu seanslarda geleceğe ilişkin öngörülerin incelenmesi de yararlı olacaktır.
Examination of the relationship between depression, future expectations, and several executive function variables
The aim of this study was to study the possible relationships between depressive symptoms, future expectations (i.e. prospections), and prefrontal functions. More specifically, the potential mediating effects of future expectations in the relationship between depressive symptoms and prefrontal functions were investigated. Method: Data collection tools included Beck Depression Inventory, Prefrontal Functions Scale based on Interpersonal Neurobiology, and Subjective Probability Task – Turkish Version. Study sample included 401 undergraduate students, where 235 (58.6%) of those were female and 166 (41.4%) were male. Participants had an age range of 18-31, and the mean age was found to be 21.44 (sd = 2.33). Results: Statistical analyses revealed that as depression symptoms strengthen, there appears to be a corresponding decrease in the ratings for positive prospection, and a counter increase in the ratings for negative prospection (i.e. how likely they think such events will happen to them in the future). Furthermore, prefrontal functioning suffered a significant decline as depression scores increased. The mediated regression model further indicated that positive as well as negative prospections did indeed have partial mediating effects in regulating the relationship between depression scores and prefontal functioning. Discussion: Results of the study are considered to be of possible value for the aim of structuring specific psychotherapy interventions. Identification of strictly held attitudes of clients, for instance, alongside with the inability to identify alternative solutions to problems encountered, strict reliance on specific explanations as causes behind them, or weakening cognitive flexibility, can be prioritized earlier in therapy and the following progress can, hence, be planned accordingly. Investigation of prospective thoughts can also be informative in this respect.

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