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Yıl:2005; Cilt: 42; Sayı: 1-4>> Özet
TAM METİN
Nöropsikiyatri Arşivi; 2005;42(1-4):19-28
Cinsel Travma Sonrası Oluşan Ruhsal Sorunlar
ZB Gölge
İstanbul Üniversitesi, Adli Tıp Enstitüsü, İstanbul
Mağduriyet, kişinin sahip olduğu çevre ve beden üzerindeki hakimiyetinin tehlikeye girmesi, tehdit edilmesi, zarar görmesi sonucunda oluşur. Bazı mağduriyet durumlarında travmatik yaşantı söz konusudur. Travma, kişinin çaresizlik ve korkunun en uç noktaları ile yüz yüze gelmesine yol açar. Tehdide karşı uygun cevap verilemediğinde travmatizasyon ortaya çıkar.

Cinsel saldırı da iç benlik uyumu ile çevre arasındaki dengeyi bozan travmatik bir olaydır. Travmaya maruz kalan kişi günlerce hatta aylarca süren ve kişinin savunma mekanizmalarını bozup felce uğratan psikolojik reaksiyonlar gösterir. Ancak bu reaksiyonlar kişiden kişiye farklılık göstermektedir. Bir olay iki insan üzerinde genellikle farklı etkilere sahip olur. Her olayın kendi karakteristikleri, mağdura etkileri, mağdur tarafından yorumlanması, olayın algılanması farklıdır. Önemli risk faktörleri erken yaşta, tanıdık biri tarafından çoğul travmaya maruz kalmaktır. Çocukluk çağı tekrarlayıcı cinsel istismarın çeşitli ruhsal sorunlar ile ilişkisi bilinmektedir. Özellikle çocukluk çağında cinsel istismar ile disosiyasyon, kendini yaralama ve yeniden mağduriyet arasındaki ilişki çeşitli çalışmalarla ortaya konmuştur.

Bu makalede ruhsal travma kavramı, özellikle cinsel travma sonrasında ortaya çıkan psikolojik sorunlar ve yaygınlığı, sorunların ortaya çıkmasında etkili olan risk faktörleri ele alınmıştır. Yazının sonunda kendini yaralama ve zarar verme davranışı ve yeniden mağduriyet ile cinsel travma arasındaki ilişki incelenmiştir.

Psychological Problems Occurring After Sexual Trauma
Victimization -occurs when one is threatened, injured and there is hazard against his/her sovereignity to control the environment or one's body. In some of the aggrieved cases traumatic experiences are also seen. Trauma induces the person to experience fear and the hopelessness. When there is no appropriate response to the threat traumatization occurs.

Sexual assault is also a traumatic event that interferes with the unity of the self and environment. The person who is traumatized shows psychological reactions that block the psychological defense mechanisms for days, even [month]s. However, these reactions show differences from person to person. Such event may show different effects on two different persons. Each events has its own characteristics, effects on the victim, subjective comments of the victim, perception of the event and these parameters may induce different influence on the victim. Most important risk factor is to be abused in multiple ways by a person who is acquinted or close to the victim. Particularly, childhood sexual abuse has been reported to have positive correlation with dissociation, and repeated victimization with self mutilation.

In this article psychological trauma concept, especially psychological problems occurring after sexual assault and the risk factors that are influential on these psychological problems are discussed. At the end of the article the relation of self mutilation and multiple victimization are compared with the effects of sexual trauma .

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