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Yıl:2004; Cilt: 41; Sayı: 1-4>> Özet
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Nöropsikiyatri Arşivi; 2004;41(1-4):25-32
Kemik iliği Naklinin Ergenler Üzerindeki Kısa ve Uzun Süreli Psikolojik Etkileri
T Tunaboylu İkiz, G Peykerli, S Anak, G Gedikoğlu
Istanbul Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi, Psikoloji Bölümü, İstanbul
Bu çalışmanın temel amacı Kemik iliği Naklinin (KİT) ergenlerin psikodinamik süreçleri ve benlik saygısı üzerindeki etkisini, tedavi ve sonrası dönemi de kapsayacak şekilde incelemektir. Bu etkileri, araştırmak amacıyla kemik iliği nakli olmuş ve hastanede tedavileri devam eden hastalar, nakil sonrası üç yıl ve daha uzun süreyi doldurmuş olan sağ kalanlar ve kontrol grubu olarak da sağlıklı ergenler üç gruba ayrılarak değerlendirmeye alınmıştır. Her bir 15 ergenden oluşan 3 gruba sosyodemografik anket formu, Rosenberg Kendine Güven Skalası ve Rorschach Testi uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen sonuçlar istatistiksel olarak bilgisayar ortamında değerlendirilmiştir. Sonuç olarak kemik iliği nakil tedavisi gören ergenlerin benlik saygısı kontrol grubuna oranla ileri derecede düşük bulunurken kemik iliği nakli (KİT) sonrası üç yılı ve daha uzun süreyi tamamlamış olan ergenlerle kontrol grubu arasında anlamlı fark bulunamamıştır. Rorschach testi bulgularına göre kemik iliği nakil döneminde olan ergenlerde vücudun parçalanması korkusu, dış sınırların belirlenmesinde zorluk, düşlem dünyalarının kısırlaşması,dış dünya ile daha az ilgilenme ve duygulanımları ifade etmede zorluk görüldü. Aynı zamanda 1. grupta yaşanan gerçeğin travmatik boyutu yani bedenin ve yaşamının tehdit edildiği kaygısını yüksektir. KİT hastalarında bilişsel süreçlerdeki zayıflık ve kuruluk ile savunma olarak bastırma düzeneğinin de yoğun şekilde kullandığı saptanmıştır.
Short-term and Long-Term Psychological Effects of Bone Marrow Transplantation on Adolescents
The main aim of this study is to investigate the effects of Bone Marrow Transplantation (BMT) on the psychodynamic processes, self-esteem, body image, defense mechanisms and quality of life of adolescents both over the course of the treatment and including the period after treatment. To investigate these effects, adolescents who had received a BMT and were still in hospital, adolescents who had received BMT three or more [year]s previously (survivors), and a control group of healthy adolescents were included in the study. Each group was comprised of 15 adolescents. A socio-demographic questionnaire, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and a Rorschach test were applied to all groups and the statistics were generated using a computer-based program. Self-esteem was found to be significantly decreased in the BMT group when compared to the control group. BMT third [year] results were not significantly different from those of the control group. In the BMT period, fear of body dissociation, difficulty in defining limits, decrease in fantasies, lower response to external stimulation and difficulty in expression of emotions were found. Furthermore, in Rorschach findings, the traumatic dimension of reality - that is, the anxiety caused by the threat to the body and life- was seen in the first group. The weakness and barenness of the cognitive processes was salient. In addition, these patients were found to be making intensive use of the mechanism of repression.

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