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Yıl:2017; Cilt: 7; Sayı: 3>> Özet
Psikiyatride Güncel; 2017;7(3):211-220
Gebelik ve lohusalıkta bipolar bozukluk ve gebelik düşünen hasta ve ailesine kılavuzluk
F Akdeniz, E Aldemir
Serbest Psikiyatrist, İzmir
Gebelik ve doğum sonrası dönem bipolar bozukluğu olan kadınların tedavisinin düzenlenmesi zorluklar barındırmaktadır. Plansız gebelik olasılığının çok yüksek olduğu ve hastalar gebe olduklarını öğrendikleri zaman aniden ilaçlarını kestikleri ve koruyucu ilaçların aniden kesilmesinin yeni bir duygudurum dönemini tetiklediği bilinmektedir. Ayrıca bipolar bozukluğun ilk kez başlaması ya da hastalık alevlenmesi açısından lohusalık çok riskli dönemdir. Gebelik sırasında duygudurum stabilitesinin sağlanması lohusalık döneminin iyi geçmesi için önemlidir. Gebelik ve doğum sonrası dönem bipolar bozukluğu olan kadınlar için riskli bir dönem olduğu için doğurganlık çağındaki hastaların tedavisi hasta ile ilk kez karşılaşıldığı zaman düzenlenmeye başlanmalıdır. Tedavinin başında gebelik ve doğum sonrası ile ilgili bilgilendirme yapıldığına dair bilgilendirilmiş onam oluşturulmalıdır. Gebelik ve lohusalık döneminde tedavi izleminde hasta yakından izlenmeli, tedavi planı hastaya göre şekillendirilmeli, hasta ve hasta yakınları erken hastalık uyarıları ile ilgili bilgilendirilmeli ve hasta yakınları-kadın doğum hastalıkları uzmanı ve çocuk hastalıkları hekimi ile sık konsültasyonlar düzenlenmelidir. Bu yazıda duygudurum dengeleyiciler, antipsikotikler, antidepresanlar ve elektrokonvülsif terapinin gebelik ve emzirme döneminde kullanımı ile ilgili bilgiler gözden geçirilmiştir.
Bipolar disorder in pregnancy and puerperium and guiding the patient and the family planning pregnancy
The management of women with bipolar disorder presents difficulties in pregnancy and postpartum period. There is a high rate of unplanned pregnancies; most of the patients discontinue their medication abruptly when they learn that they are pregnant and abrupt discontinuation of the prophylactic treatment triggers a new mood episode. The postpartum period is a time for increased risk of a new onset of illness or a relapse for women with bipolar disorder. Maintaining mood stability during pregnancy is very important for the stability during postpartum period. Since pregnancy and postpartum period represent times of increased vulnerability for women with bipolar disorder, the time to start planning of treatment is when a women of reproductive age first presents for psychiatric care. We recommend holding an informed consent discussion regarding pregnancy and lactation as early as in the treatment course as possible. General principles of management during pregnancy and postpartum period include close monitoring in pregnancy and postpartum period, training the patient and family members for the earliest possible signs of prodromal symptoms for relapse, careful tailoring of the treatment plan, and frequent consultations with obstetricians and/or pediatricians and family members. An overview of the data in pregnancy and lactation is presented for mood stabilizers, antipsychotics, antidepressants and electroconvulsive therapy.

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