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Yıl:2020; Cilt: 31; Sayı: 2>> Özet
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Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2020;31(2):75-83
Major Depresyon Bozukluğu Olan Hastalarda H-MRS Yöntemi ile Dorsolateral Prefrontal Korteks NörokimyasalMetabolit Düzeyleri
İ Şendur, NK Oğuzhanoğlu, GS Varma
Afyonkarahisar Devlet Hastanesi, Afyonkarahisar
Amaç: Bu çalışmada proton manyetik rezonans spektroskopi (1 H-MRS) yöntemi kullanılarak major depresyonun beyin biyokimyası üzerine olası etkileri, ortaya çıkan değişikliklerin bilişsel işlevler ile ilişkisi ve sağaltımın bu parametreler üzerine olası etkileri araştırılmıştır. Yöntem: Çalışma DSM-5 tanı ölçütlerine göre orta/ağır derecede süreğenleşmemiş major depresyon bozukluğu tanısı konan 30 hasta ve 30 sağlıklı birey ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Hastalar ve sağlıklı bireylerin bilateral DLPFK bölgelerinin 1 H-MRS çekimleri yapıldı ve Winsconsin Kart Eşleme Testi (WKET)’nin kısa bilgisayar versiyonu (Berg’s “Wisconsin” Card Sorting Test) uygulandı. En az 8 hafta antidepresan sağaltımı uygulanan ve HAM-D puanı 7’nin altına düşen hastalara kontrol 1 H-MRS çekimleri yapıldı ve kontrol WKET uygulandı. Bulgular: Sağaltım başlamadan önce DLPFK metabolitleri arasında glx düzeyinin kontrol grubuna göre sol tarafta anlamlı derecede düşük olduğu saptandı. Sağ ve sol DLPFK NAA, Cr, Cho metabolit düzeylerinde hasta ve kontrol grupları arasında farklılık tespit edilmedi. Sağaltım sonrasında sol DLPFK glx düzeyinde artış gözlendi diğer metabolit düzeylerinde ise tedavi ile değişiklik olmadı. Tedavi öncesi hasta grubunun problem çözme yeteneği ve koşullara göre strateji değiştirebilme performansı kontrol grubuna göre düşüktü. Tedavi sonrası klinik iyileşmeyle birlikte hasta grubunun WKET performansında belirgin düzelme olduğu gözlendi. Sonuç: Bu nörogörüntüleme (NG) çalışmasında sağaltım öncesi süreğenleşmemiş orta-ağır şiddet özelliğine sahip major depresif hastaların sol DLPFK alanında düşük olan glx metabolitinin sağaltım sonrası klinik düzelmeye eşlik ederek arttığı saptanmıştır. Ancak sol DLPFK glx düzeyinde saptanan değişikliğin sağaltım öncesinde de sonrasında da WKET verileriyle korelasyonu gösterilememiştir. Hastaların bozuk nörobilişsel işlevlerinin sağaltım sonrası düzeldiği gösterilmiştir
Study on Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex Neurochemical Metabolite Levels of Patients with Major Depression Using 1H-MRS Technique
Objective:. The aim of the study is to investigate, by using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1 H-MRS), the effects of major depression on the biochemistry of the brain, the relationship between the parametric changes demonstrated and cognitive functions, and the effects of antidepressant treatment. Method: The study included 30 patients, diagnosed with moderate/ severe non-chronic major depression disorder (NC-MDD) according to the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria, and 30 healthy individuals as the control group. The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) areas of the patients and the control individuals were scanned bilaterally by 1 H-MRS. The participants were also tested on the brief computerized version of the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (or, Berg’s “Wisconsin” Card Sorting TestWCST). After antidepressant treatment for a minimum of 8 weeks, the patients who scored below 7 on the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D), were assessed with the 1H-MRS scan and the WCST. Results: The Glx level in the left DLPFC was significantly lower in the patient group. Differences were not determined between the NAA, Cr, Cho levels in the right and the left DLPFC of the patient and the control groups. After the treatment, Glx level in the left DLPFC increased; but the levels of the other metabolites did not change. Before the treatment, the abilities of the patient group in changing strategy and problem solving, as assessed by the WCST, were lower in comparison to the control group. After the treatment the patient group improved clinically and performed significantly better on the WCST. Conclusion: In the present neuroimaging (NI) study, it was determined that the Glx level in the left DLPFC of patients with moderate/severe NC-MDD improved together with the clinical features after treatment. Neurocognitive functions also improved after treatment. However, a correlation between the change in the metabolite levels and the performance on the WCST could not be demonstrated.

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