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Yıl:2020; Cilt: 21; Sayı: 4>> Özet
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Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2020;21(4):423-428
Okul öncesi dikkat eksikliği hiperaktivite bozukluğunda yürütücü işlevler
DK Öğüt, NB Özbaran, S Köse, H Kesikçi
Mehmet Akif İnan Eğitim Araştırma Hastanesi, Şanlıurfa
Amaç: Dikkat eksikliği hiperaktivite bozukluğu (DEHB) öğrenme, davranış, aile ve akran ilişkileri, fiziksel güvenlik ve duygusal gelişmeyi de kapsayan hemen her alanda çocuğun gelişimini ve işlevselliğini etkiler. Bu verilerin dışın-da, okul öncesi yaş grubunda DEHB’li çocukların yürütücü işlevleri açısından diğer normal gelişimsel özellikler gösteren çocuklardan farklı olabileceği bildirilmiştir. Bu çalışmada, okul öncesi yaş grubundaki (36-71 ay) DEHB’li olguların yürütücü işlevlerinin değerlendirilip sağlıklı kontrol grubu ile karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Çalışmamıza, 47 DEHB ve 47 sağlıklı kontrol olgusu alınmıştır. Örneklemi, Ege Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Çocuk ve Ergen Ruh Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalı 0-6 Yaş Polikliniği’ne başvuran olgular oluşturmuştur. DEHB’ye yönelik tanı değerlendirmesi için DSM-IV ölçütleri kullanılmıştır. Olguların yürütücü işlevleri anne-babaları tarafın-dan Yürütücü İşlevler Davranış Değerlendirme Ölçeği-Okul Öncesi Versiyonu (YİDDE-OÖ) ile değerlendirilmiştir. Sonuçlar: Çalışmamızda örneklem ve kontrol grupları arasında YİDDE-OÖ’nün tüm alt ölçekleri arasında anlamlı fark saptanmış olup en yüksek etki büyüklükleri Ketleme ve Çalışma Belleği alt ölçekleri ile Ketleme Benlik Kontrolü Endeksi ve Beliren Biliş-Üstü Endeksinde saptanmıştır. Tartışma: Çalışmamız sonucunda okul öncesi DEHB’li olguların yürütücü işlevler açısından sağlıklı kontrol grubundan farklılık gösterdiği saptanmıştır. DEHB’li çocuklarda okul öncesi dönemden itibaren yürütücü işlev becerilerinin desteklenmesi ve uygun tedavi stratejilerinin geliştirilme-sine özen gösterilmesi, bu çocuklarda uzun vadede görülebilen sosyal, akademik ve kendini düzenleme gibi alan-lardaki sorunların da önlenebilmesi açısından önemlidir.
Executive functions in preschool children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Objective: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) affects development and functionality of children in almost all fields including learning, behavior, family and peer relationships, physical safety and emotional progress. Except for this data, it is stated that preschool children with ADHD can differ from typically developing children in terms of their executive functions. In this study it is aimed to evaluate executive functions of preschool (36-71 months) ADHD cases by comparing these outcomes with control cases. Methods: In our study 47 ADHD and 47 healthy control cases are included. ADHD group is made up of cases who refer to Ege University Faculty of Medicine Child and Adolescent Psychiatry 0-6 Age Outpatient Clinic. DSM-IV criteria used for diagnostic assessment of ADHD. Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function-Preschool Version (BRIEF-P) administered by parents of cases. Results: In comparison of ADHD and healthy control group we have found difference in all BRIEF-P scales. The biggest effect size values were observed in inhibition, working memory, inhibitory self-control and emergent metacognition. Conclusion: As result of our study it was detected that preschool ADHD cases differ from healthy controls with regard to executive functions. It is important to support executive functions and take care of enhancing appropriate therapeutic strategies as from preschool years in children with ADHD, and also to prevent from long term problems like social, academic and self-regulation areas that can occur in this children

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