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Yıl:2020; Cilt: 21; Sayı: 4>> Özet
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Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2020;21(4):349-358
Kendine zarar verme davranışı olan erişkinlerde çocukluk çağı travmaları, duygu düzenleme güçlüğü ve başa çıkma tutumları
BB Kahraman, PK Çankaya
Ankara Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, Ankara
Amaç: Çalışmamızda intihar amacı taşımayan kasıtlı kendine zarar verme davranışının (KZVD) olası risk etkenle-rinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Araştırma grubuna KZVD ile başvuran veya değerlendirilmeleri sırasında son 1 yıl içinde KZVD olduğu belirlenen 156 hasta, kontrol grubuna ise aynı polikliniğe başvuran ve KZVD olmayan 156 hasta alınmıştır. Katılımcılara Çocukluk Çağı Travmalar Ölçeği (ÇÇTÖ), Başa Çıkma Tutumları Ölçeği (BÇTÖ), Duygu Düzenleme Güçlüğü Ölçeği (DDGÖ-16), Beck Depresyon Ölçeği (BDÖ) ve Beck Anksiyete Ölçeği (BAÖ) uygulanmıştır. Bulgular: Gruplar arasında cinsiyet, medeni durum, çalışma durumu ve psikiyatrik tedavi öyküsü açısından fark bulunmamıştır. KZVD olan hastalarda ÇÇTÖ toplam puanı ve tüm alt boyut puanları, DDGÖ, BAÖ ve BDÖ puanları kontrol grubuna göre anlamlı düzeyde yüksek bulunmuştur. Lojistik regresyon analizinde intihar öyküsü, alkol kullanımı, fiziksel ihmal ve cinsel istismar, duygu düzenleme güçlüğünde artış, BÇTÖ alt ölçeklerinden ‘madde kullanımı’, KZVD ile ilişkili bağımsız risk etkeni olarak saptanırken, ‘kabullenme’ ise koruyucu etken olarak saptanmıştır. Sonuç: Çalışmamızın bulguları çocukluk çağı travması, duygu düzenleme güçlüğü, başa çıkma tutumları ile KZVD arasındaki çok yönlü ve karmaşık ilişkiyi destekler niteliktedir. Sonuçlarımıza göre, KZVD olan kişilerin olumsuz içsel yaşantılarını tolere etmekte zorlandıkları ve daha az etkili ve daha az uyumlu başa çıkma tutumları gösterdikleri söylenebilir. Kabul odaklı psikoterapi müdahaleleri, bu kişilerde zarar verme davranışının azaltılmasında etkili olabilir.
Childhood traumas, difficulty in emotion regulation and coping strategies in adult patients with nonsuicidal self-injury
Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the possible risk factors of non-suicidal self injury (NSSI). Meth-ods: The study group consisted of 156 patients who were admitted to our outpatient clinic with NSSI or diagnosed with NSSI within the past year. In the control group, we included 156 patients with no NSSI from our outpatient clinic. The participants were administered to the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ-28), COPE Inventory (COPE), Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale-Brief Form (DERS-16), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). Results: Differences in terms of gender, marital status, working status and history of psychiatric treatment were not detected. The total CTQ-28 score and all subscale scores; DERS-16, BAI, and BDI scores of the patients with NSSI were significantly higher than the control group. In logistic regression analysis; suicide history, alcohol use, physical neglect and sexual abuse, increase in emotion regulation difficulty, ‘substance use’ as a COPE subscale were found to be independent risk factors of NSSI whereas ‘acceptance’ was found to be a protective factor. Conclusion: The findings of our study support the multifaceted and complex relationship between NSSI and childhood trauma, difficulty in emotion regulation, and coping strategies. According to our results people with NSSI have difficulty tolerating their negative internal lives and have less effective and less adaptive coping strategies. Acceptance-oriented psychotherapy interventions can be effective in reducing self-harm behavior in these individuals

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