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Yıl:2019; Cilt: 57; Sayı: 1>> Özet
TAM METİN
Yeni Symposium; 2019;57(1):16-24
Mutluluk, Üzüntü ve Öfke Dışavurum Tarzlarında Cinsiyet ve Yaş Farklılıkları
A Araz, EA Direkçi
Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi, İzmir
Amaç: Bu çalışmada mutluluk, üzüntü ve öfke dışavurum tarzlarının cinsiyet ve yaşa bağlı farklılıkları incelenmiştir. Yöntem: Araştırma kapsamında, 18-50 yaş arası 841 kişiden mutluluk üzüntü ve öfke duygu dışavurumlarını değerlendirmeleri istenmiştir. Veriler Duygu Dışavurum Tarzları Envanteri ve Kişisel Bilgi Formu aracılığı ile toplanmış, 2 (cinsiyet: kadın, erkek) X 2 (yaş: 18-24 yaş, 25-50 yaş) faktörlü varyans analizi (MANOVA) ile test edilmiştir. Bulgular: Mutluluk dışavurum tarzlarına ilişkin yapılan varyans analizi bulgularına göre, kadınların mutluluğun hem “ben odaklı” hem de “öteki odaklı d ışavurum” puanları erkeklerden anlamlı olarak daha yüksektir. 25-50 yaş arası katılımcıların ise “öteki odaklı dışavurum” puanları 18-24 yaş aralığındakilerden daha yüksektir. Üzüntü dışavurum tarzları için yapılan analizlere göre, kadınların hem üzüntüyü “yüze yansıtma” hem de üzüntünün “sözel dışavurum” puanları erkeklerden; erkeklerin üzüntünün “saldırganca dışavurum” puanları ise kadınlardan daha yüksektir. 18-24 yaş aralığındakilerin üzüntünün “saldırganca dışavurum” puanları ise 25-50 yaş aralığındakilerden anlamlı olarak daha yüksektir. Öfke dışavurum tarzları için gerçekleştirilen varyans analizi bulgularına göre kadınların hem öfkeyi “yüze yansıtma” hem de öfkenin “sözel dışavurum” puanları erkeklerden daha yüksektir. Erkek katılımcıların ise öfkenin “saldırganca dışavurum” ve öfkenin “serinkanlı dışavurum” puanları kadınlarınkinden daha yüksektir. 18-24 yaş aralığındaki katılımcıların öfkenin “saldırganca dışavurum”, öfkeyi “yüze yansıtma” ve “misilleme” puanları, 25-50 yaş aralığındakilere göre daha yüksektir. Ayrıca öfke duygusu için cinsiyet ve yaş ortak etkisi de anlamlıdır. 18-24 yaş grubundaki kadınların öfkenin “sözel dışavurum” puanları, 18-24 yaş grubundaki erkeklerden daha yüksektir. Sonuç: Araştırma bulguları mutluluk, üzüntü ve öfke dışavurum tarzlarına ilişkin cinsiyet ve yaşa göre farklılaşmalar olduğunu göstermiştir. Bulgular ilgili literatür kapsamında tartışılmıştır
Gender and Age Diff erences in the Happiness, Sadness and Anger Expression Styles
Objective: In his study, sex and age-related di? erences of happiness, sadness and anger expression styles were examined. Method: 841 participants aged 18-50 evaluated their happiness, sadness and anger expressions. The data were collected via the Emotion Expression Styles Inventory and Personal Information Form and analyzed with 2 (gender: female, male) X 2 (age: 18-24 years, 25-50 years) factors analysis of variance (MANOVA). Results: Females’ “self-focused” and “other-focused expression” of happiness are signi? cantly higher than men. Partici-pants between the ages of 25 and 50 have higher “other-focused expression” than the 18-24 age group. Females’ “facial” and “verbal” expressions of sadness are signi? cantly higher than men. Males’ “aggressive expression” of sadness scores are higher than women. The “aggressive expression” of sadness in 18-24 age group was higher than 25-50 age group. Females’ both “facial expression” and “verbal expression” of anger are signi? cantly higher than men. Males reported hig-her “aggressive expression” and “cool expression” of anger than females. Participants in 18-24 age group had higher “agg-ressive expression”, “facial expression” and “retaliation” of anger scores than those in 25-50 age group. Moreover, the interaction e? ect of gender and age is statistically signi? cant for anger. In the 18-24 age group, women had higher “verbal expression” scores of anger than men. Conclusion: The results showed that happiness, sadness and anger expression styles were differed according to age and gender, and results were discussed within the scope of relevant literature

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