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Yıl:2020; Cilt: 57; Sayı: 2>> Özet
TAM METİN
Nöropsikiyatri Arşivi; 2020;57(2):85-88
İnternal Karotis Arter Near-Oklüzyon Stent Tecrübelerimiz
Y İnanç, Y İnanç
Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University, Kahramanmaraş
Amaç: İnternal karotis arterin (İKA) near-oklüzyonlarının (NO) tedavi stratejisi hala tartışmalıdır. Bu çalışmamızda, merkezimize başvuran ve revaskülarizasyon kararı alınan karotis arter NO darlığı olan 50 hastada stent uygulamasının klinik sonuçlarını sunmayı amaçladık. Yöntem: 2014–2017 yılları arasında Girişimsel Vasküler Nöroloji kliniğinde stent takılan 180 hastadan NO olan 50 hasta retrospektif olarak incelendi. Çalışmamıza işlem sırasında proksimal ve distal koruma cihazı kullanan ve kullanmayan tüm hastalar dahil edildi. Hastalara karotid arter stent (KAS) prosedüründen önce klinik nörolojik değerlendirme ve karotid arter radyolojik görüntüleme yapıldı. İleri derecede stenozu olan hastalara stent öncesi balon dilatasyon uygulandı. Rezidü darlık tespit edilmesi durumunda, uygun ölçülerde balon ile post-dilatasyon uygulandı. Stentleme işlemi esnasında ve sonrasında bradikardi, hipotansiyon, reperfüzyon kanaması gibi bulgular ve 12 aylık dönemde restenoz gelişen hastalar kaydedildi. Bulgular: Bu çalışmaya karotis stenti takılan 50 (30 erkek, 20 kadın) hasta dahil edildi. Hastaların yaş ortalaması 65 (28–81) idi. Reperfüzyon kanaması bir (%2) hastada gözlendi ve hasta 3. haftasında exitus oldu. Hastaların 10’unda (%20) işlem sonrası üç saatten az süren üşüme titreme şikayeti oldu. Bir (%2) hastada 24 saati geçmeyen ensefalopati, ajitasyon gözlendi. İki (%4) hastada hipotansiyon, 15 (%30) hastada 24 saatten kısa süren baş ağrısı oldu. Üç hastada işlem sonrası sheath yerinde lokal hematom oldu, kompresyon uygulanarak tedavi edildi. Altıncı ve 12. aylarda yapılan karotis renkli Doppler ultrasonografilerde stent bölgelerinde 6 hastada (%12) restenoz bulguları izlendi. Sonuç: İKA NO’nun doğal süreci iyi bilinmemekle birlikte, bu durum şu anda düşünülenden daha sık olabilir. Özellikle İKA tıkanıklığı tanısı konulduktan sonra, yeni ipsilateral semptomları olan hastalarda doğru tanı konulması önemlidir. Tanı konulduktan sonra, tecrübeli nörogirişimsel bir ekip tarafından yapıldığında KAS, düşük komplikasyon oranları ile faydalı görünmektedir.
Carotid Near-Occlusion Stent Experiences
Introduction: Treatment strategy for near-occlusions (NO) of the internal carotid artery (ICA) is still controversial. In this study, we aimed to present the clinical results of stent placement in 50 patients with carotid artery (NO) stenosis that presented to our center, and upon which revascularization will be performed. Methods: Between 2014 and 2017, 50 patients with (NO) from 180 patients who had stents in the Interventional Vascular Neurology clinic were retrospectively studied. All the patients whether using or not using the proximal and distal protection device during the procedure were included. Patients had clinical neurologic evaluation, and underwent carotid artery radiologic imaging before the carotid artery stent (CAS) procedure. Balloon dilatation was applied before the stent procedure for patients that had advanced stenosis. Post-dilatation was applied with a balloon of appropriate size in case of residual narrowing. Findings such as bradycardia, hypotension, reperfusion hemorrhage during and after the stent placement procedure, as well as patients that developed restenosis within 12 months were recorded. Results: This study includes 50 (30 males, 20 females) patients that underwent carotid stent placement. The mean age of patients was 65 (28–81). Reperfusion hemorrhage was seen in 1 (2%) patient and the patient died in week 3. Ten (20%) patients complained of chills and tremor lasting less than 3 hours after the procedure. One (2%) patient had encephalopathy and agitation for less than 24 hours. Two (4%) patients had hypotension, and 15 (30%) patients had a headache for less than 24 hours. Three patients developed local hematoma at the site of the sheath, and were treated by applying compression. Restenosis signs in the stent site was observed in 6 patients (12%) in color Doppler ultrasonography of the carotid performed in the 6th and 12th months. Conclusion: Although the innate process of ICA NO is not well known, it might be more frequent than currently considered. Especially after the diagnosis of ICA stenosis, it is important to make the right diagnosis in patients that have new ipsilateral symptoms. After the diagnosis is made, CAS, when performed by an experienced neuro-interventional team, seems beneficial with low complication rates.

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