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Yıl:2020; Cilt: 8; Sayı: 16>> Özet
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Nesne Psikoloji Dergisi; 2020;8(16):31-42
Erkeklere Özgü Beden Tutum Ölçeği (EÖBTÖ)’nin Türkçe Formunun Geçerlik ve Güvenilirlik Çalışması
FM Uluyol
Akdeniz Üniversitesi, Antalya
Beden algısı alanında yapılan araştırmalarda kadınların erkeklere kıyasla daha çok beden memnuniyetsizliği yaşadıkları belirtilmektedir. Bu durumun geleneksel ölçüm araçlarının beden algısını değerlendirirken ağırlıklı olarak zayıflık faktörüne yaptığı vurgudan kaynaklandığı düşünülmektedir. Bu yanlı tutum erkeklerdeki beden memnuniyetsizliğini değerlendirirken sınırlılık yaratabilmektedir. Alanyazındaki bu eksikliği gidermek için Tylka, Bergeron, & Schwartz (2005) tarafından Erkeklere Özgü Beden Tutum Ölçeği (Male Body Attitudes Scale, EÖBTÖ) geliştirilmiştir. Ölçek erkeklerin bedenlerine yönelik tutumlarını kaslılık, vücut yağ oranı ve boy uzunluğu açısından değerlendirmektedir. Farklı kültürlerde ölçeğin geçerliği ve güvenirliği test edilmiş ve faktör yapısına yönelik farklı bulgular raporlanmıştır. Dolayısıyla, toplumsal cinsiyet rolleri gibi cinsiyete özgü faktörlerden etkilenen beden algısını değerlendiren bu ölçüm aracının farklı örneklemlerde ve kültürlerdeki psikometrik özelliklerinin incelenmesi gerektiği düşünülmektedir. Bu amaçla bu çalışmada EÖBTÖ’nün Türkçe formunun psikometrik özellikleri 277 erkek üniversite öğrencisi üzerinde incelenmiştir. Türkçe formun iç geçerlik katsayıları, ölçeğin tamamı için .88, Kaslılık, Vücut yağ oranı ve Boy alt boyutları için sırasıyla .86, .84 ve .77 olarak bulunmuştur. Yapı geçerliğini test etmek için yürütülen analiz bulgularına göre de ölçeğin Türkçe formunun orijinal ölçek ile tutarlı olarak üç faktörlü yapıyı desteklediği ve uyum indekslerinin kabul edilir sınırlarda olduğu bulunmuştur. Türkçe alanyazında erkeklerin beden tutumunu değerlendiren bir ölçüm aracının olmaması, EÖBTÖ’nün klinik uygulamalarda ve ilerideki araştırmalarda kullanılması için işlevsel bir araç olacağı düşünülmektedir. 
The Validity and Reliability of The Turkish forms of Male Body Attitudes Scale (MBAS)
In the field of body dissatisfaction, the relative emphasis of traditional measurement tools’ on the weakness factor have been argued to be potentially problematic in studies focusing on negative body perceptions of men. To overcome this limitation, Tylka, Bergeron, and Schwartz (2005) developed the Male Body Attitudes Scale (MBAS). The scale evaluates the attitudes of men towards their bodies in terms of muscle, body fat ratio and height. The validity and the reliability of the scale were tested in various cultures and different factor structures were reported. Therefore, there is an ongoing need to test the psychometric properties of the scale in new studies with different cultures. For this purpose, this study examined the psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the MBAS with 277 male university students. The internal validity coefficient of the Turkish form was .88 for the whole scale, .86 for the Muscle dimension, .84 for the Body Fat Ratio dimension, and .77 for the Height dimension. Analyses of the construct validity revealed that the Turkish form supported a three-factor structure consistent with the original scale. Accordingly, the fit indices were within the acceptable limits. Since there is no other measurement tool that evaluates men's body attitude in the Turkish literature, the MBAS would be a functional tool to use in clinical practice and future research. 

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