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Yıl:2020; Cilt: 40; Sayı: 1>> Özet
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Psikoloji Çalışmaları; 2020;40(1):19-55
Psikolojik Şiddetin Ölçümü: Psikolojik İstismar Profili’nin ve Kadına Kötü Muamele Envanteteri’nin Türkçe’ye Uyarlanması*
İ Boyacıoğlu, MS Uysal, C Erdugan
Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi, İzmir
Psikolojik şiddet genellikle isim takma, aşağılama, küçümseme, bağırma, tehdit etme, kıskançlık, sosyal olarak yalıtma, duygusal ve/veya fiziksel olarak uzaklaşma gibi sözel ve duygusal istismar davranışlarını içeren bir şiddet türüdür. Bu araştırmanın amacı Kadına Psikolojik Kötü Muamele Envanteri (KMPKME; Tolman, 1989) ile Psikolojik İstismar Profili’nin (PİP; Sackett ve Saunders, 1999) Türkçe formunun psikometrik özelliklerinin sınanmasıdır. Bu doğrultuda iki çalışma yürütülmüştür. Birinci çalışmaya web üzerinden 293 kadın, ikinci çalışmaya ise sığınma evine başvuran 23 kadın katılmıştır. Türkçe’ye uyarlama çalışmasının bulgularına göre, KPKME’nin hükmetme, yalıtma ve duygusal/ sözel şiddet olmak üzere üç faktöre sahip olduğu, PİP’in kıskançlıkla kontrol etme, yok sayma, kişilik özellikleriyle alay etme ve davranışlarını eleştirme olmak üzere dört faktöre sahip olduğu görülmüştür. Çalışma 1’de yapı geçerliği kapsamında KPKME ve PİP’in toplam puan ve faktörlerinin kendi içlerindeki ve birbirleriyle olan ilişki incelenerek önemli kanıtlar elde edilmiştir. Son olarak, KPKME ve PİP’in ve faktörlerinin anksiyete, depresyon, olumsuz benlik, somatizasyon ve hostilite ile anlamlı ilişkilere sahip olduğu bulunmuştur. Sığınma evi örneklemiyle yapılan Çalışma 2, her iki ölçeğin ayırt edici geçerliğine ilişkin destekler sunmuştur. İç tutarlık güvenirlik katsayıları Çalışma 1 için .81 ile .96 arasında değişirken, Çalışma 2 için .83 ile .96 arasında değişmektedir. Sonuç olarak, bu çalışmada KPKME ve PİP Türkçe formlarının, kadına yönelik psikolojik şiddetin ölçümünde geçerli ve güvenilir ölçekler olduklarına yönelik güçlü destekler elde edilmiştir
Measuring Psychological Violence: The Adaptation of the Profile of Psychological Abuse and the Psychological Maltreatment of Women Inventory into Turkish
Psychological violence is a type of violence that includes verbal and emotional abuse such as humiliation, contempt, verbal violence, shouting, threatening, jealousy, social isolation, emotional and / or physical distancing. The purpose of the present research was to investigate reliability and validity of the Turkish version of Psychological Maltreatment of Women Inventory (PMWI; Tolman 1989) and Profile of Psychological Abuse (PPA; Sackett & Saunders 1999). In this regard, two studies were conducted. Two hundred and ninety-three women participated in Study I through a websurvey and 23 women living in a women’s shelter participated in Study II. The findings of the study after adaptation into Turkish, PMWI consists of three factors including dominance, isolation, and emotional/verbal violence and PPA consists of four factors including jealous control, ignore, ridicule traits, and criticize behavior. In Study 1, significant evidence was obtained by examining the relationship between PMWI and PPA’s total scores and the factors themselves and with each other. It was also found that PMWI and PPA and their factors have significant relationships with anxiety, depression, negative self, somatization and hostility. In Study 2, the shelter sample produced evidence of discriminant validity in both scales. Internal consistency values ranged between .81 and .96 in Study 1 and .83 to .96 in Study II. Overall, the present study provided strong evidence that the Turkish versions of PMWI and PPA were valid and reliable measures of psychological violence against women.

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