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Yıl:2020; Cilt: 12; Sayı: 4>> Özet
TAM METİN
Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar; 2020;12(4):575-586
Suça Sürüklenen Çocuklar ve Suç Mağduru Çocuklara Yönelik Bir Değerlendirme
S Karataş
İstanbul Üniversitesi Cerrahpaşa, İstanbul
Dünyada ve ülkemizde çocuk ve ergenlere yönelik adli vaka sayısı artış göstermektedir. Adli değerlendirme sürecinde çocuk ve ergenler bir suçun faili veya mağduru olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. İhmal ve istismar edilen çocuk/ergenlerin suça karışma ihtimalleri, suça karışan çocuk-ergenlerin de ihmal ve istismara uğrama ihtimalleri oldukça yüksektir. Her iki durumda da çocuğun ruhsal sağlığının ve yaşam kalitesinin olumsuz olarak etkilendiği bilinmelidir. Bu nedenle özellikle ruh sağlığı alanında hizmet veren sağlıkçalışanları daha fazla bilgi ve tecrübeye gereksinim duymaktadır. Çocukların bedensel, zihinsel ya da ruhsal sağlığına zarar veren, gelişimlerini engelleyen tutum ve davranışlar; fiziksel istismar, cinsel istismar, duygusal istismar ve ihmal olmak üzere çocukları dört şekilde örseleyebilmektedir. Sağlık çalışanlarının ihmal ve istismara neden olabilecek risk faktörlerini tanıyabilmesi ve bu süreçte öncelikle koruyucu olarak rol alabilmesi oldukça önemlidir. İstismar veya ihmal olgusu gerçekleştikten sonra çocuk ve ergende ortaya çıkacak ruhsal travmaları tamir etmek koruyucu önlemler almaktan çok daha karmaşık ve zor bir hal almaktadır. Bu nedenle ihmal ve istismar açısından riskli grupların belirlenerek koruyucu önlemler alınması en değerli adımı oluşturacaktır. Toplumsal düzeyde istismar/ihmal riskleri ve korunma yolları ile ilgili farkındalığın arttırılması hem çocukların istismardan korunmalarını hem de olası bir istismarla nasıl baş edebileceklerini öğrenmelerini sağlayacaktır
An Evaluation for Children Dragged into Crime and Children Victims of Crime
The number of forensic cases for children and adolescents increases in the world and our country. Children and adolescents appear as perpetrators or victims of a crime during the judicial evaluation process. Children/adolescents who are neglected and abused are likely to be involved in crime, and children and adolescents involved in crime are also more likely to be neglected and abused. In both cases, the mental health and quality of life of the child are negatively affected. Especially health professionals who provide services in the field of mental health need more knowledge and experience. Attitudes and behaviors that harm children's physical or mental health and prevent their development can abuse children in four ways: physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional abuse, and neglect. Healthcare professionals need to recognize the risk factors that may cause neglect and abuse and take a protective role in this process first. Psychological traumas occur in children and adolescents after the phenomenon of abuse or neglect occurs, and treatment is more complicated and difficult than taking preventive measures. Therefore, determining the risky groups in terms of neglect and abuse and taking protective measures will be the most valuable step. It will help raise awareness about the risks of abuse/neglect and ways of protection at the social level so it willenable both children to be protected from abuse and to learn how to deal with possible abuse.

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