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Yıl:2020; Cilt: 31; Sayı: 1>> Özet
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Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2020;31(1):57-68
Travma Sonrası Büyüme: Gözden Geçirilmiş Son Model ile Kapsamlı Bir Değerlendirme
P Dursun, İ Söylemez
Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi, Afyonkarahisar
Son 30 yıldır, zorlu deneyimlerle mücadelenin bireylerde olumlu birtakım değişimlerin yaşanmasına yol açması anlamına gelen Travma Sonrası Büyüme (TSB) kavramsallaştırma çalışmaları yeni bulgularla gelişmeye devam etmektedir. Bu deneysel kanıtlar doğrultusunda, Tedeschi ve arkadaşları TSB modelini hem bir süreç hem de bir sonuç olarak öne sürmektedirler. TSB ile ilişkili psikolojik dayanıklılık, sosyokültürel etkenler ve bilgelik gibi kavramların rolleri, gözden geçirilmiş bu modelde daha belirgin hale gelmiştir. Yazarlar, nihai hedef olarak hedonistik bir mutluluk ya da iyilik hali (well-being) yerine, TSB alt boyutlarına ulaşmayı önermektedirler. Bununla beraber yeni model süregelen stres ile bilgeliğin artmasını, sorun çözme becerilerinin gelişmesini, yeni koşullara uygun yaşam senaryoları oluşturmayı, yaşama anlam kazandırma ile var olan şemaların yeniden yapılandırılması becerilerini de içermektedir. Ek olarak, son zamanlardaki çalışmalar, TSB sürecinde, paradoksal bir şekilde olumlu değişim ile olumsuz değişimin (Posttraumatic Depreciation/Travma Sonrası Yıpranma) birlikte deneyimlendiğini, ancak az da olsa olumlu değişimin yani TSB oranlarının daha fazla olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu yazının amacı, en son araştırma bulguları ile gözden geçirilmiş son modeli açıklamak ve alanyazın taraması ile klinik uygulamalara göz atmaktır
Posttraumatic Growth: A Comprehensive Evaluation of the Recently Revised Model
For the last 30 years, the conceptualization studies of posttraumatic growth (PTG) which refer to the positive changes as a result of the struggle with adverse events, have been continuously evolving with new findings. In line with this empirical evidence, Tedeschi and colleagues have proposed a revised model in which PTG is accepted both as a process and an outcome. The roles of the concepts such as wisdom, resilience, socio-cultural factors are explained better. As the ultimate aim of the model, the authors suggest reaching the dimensions of PTG not hedonistic happiness or well-being. This new model include, gaining the wisdom that comes with the existing stress, possessing the newly achieved problem-solving repertoire, and also re-structuring new-life narratives, meaning of life and flexible schemas. Furthermore, the latest research has provided us the evidence that, in the process of PTG, paradoxically both positive (PTG) and negative changes (Posttraumatic Depreciaton) are experienced together. But even though the difference is small, positive changes are consistently found to be greater. The aim of this paper is to describe the revised model with the latest empirical findings and provide a literature review with implications for clinical practice

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