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Yıl:2020; Cilt: 21; Sayı: 3>> Özet
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Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2020;21(3):285-291
Aidiyet duygusu kentlerin algılanmasında etkili etkenlerden birisi midir? Bir pilot çalışma
GK Özer, A Çahantimur, S Kırlı
Bursa Uludağ Üniversitesi, Bursa
Kişinin kimlik tanımlaması kendisi ile önemli diğer kişiler arasında ayrımlar yapabilmesi ile gelişir ve bu ayrımlar kendisine ait saydığı nesneler, bazı alanlar ve yerleri de kapsar. Dolayısıyla yer kimliği kendilik tanımlama- sının bir alt yapısıdır ve büyük ölçüde kişinin yaşadığı fiziksel dünya hakkında algıladıklarından ibarettir. Bu anlamda aidiyet psikoloji, psikiyatri ve mimarlık bilimlerinin ortak bir alanı olarak düşünülebilir. Bu çalışma, insan-mekan ilişki- sinin seçim sürecine ve davranışa yansımalarını, kişilerin çevreye yönelik algılarını, algıları belirleyen etkenleri ve algılarda ortaya çıkan değişiklikler ve/veya bozulmaların insanların psikolojisini nasıl etkilediğini, bu etkilerin psiki- yatrik bozukluklar açısından önemini ve koruyucu uygulamaların neler olabileceğini saptamak arayışıyla yapılacak çok disiplinli bir araştırmalar dizisinin pilot çalışmalarından ilki olarak planlanmıştır. Yöntem: Aidiyet duygusunun bir şehrin algılanmasında etkili olup olmadığını ortaya koymak amacıyla yapılan bu araştırmada Kentin günümüz- deki algısını ölçmek için Bursa’da oturan, ancak İznik’i hiç görmemiş orta öğretim ve üniversite öğrencileri ile bir alan çalışması yapılmıştır. İki öğrenci grubuyla birer günlük gezide İznik kenti belli bir güzergâh üzerinden yürüyerek gezilmiştir. Gezinin sonunda öğrencilerden şehri algılamalarıyla ilgili zihinsel (bilişsel) haritalar elde edilmiş ve ardın- dan 12 maddeli Genel Aidiyet Ölçeği uygulanmıştır. Haritalar üzerine çizilmiş yapılar ve diğer sembolik değerli öğe- ler Osmanlı ve Roma/Bizans dönemi yapıları olarak gruplandırılıp deneklerin baskın tercihleri saptanmıştır. Sonuç: Bu tercihlerin yüksek ve düşük aidiyet hisseden öğrenci grupları açısından özelliklerinin karşılaştırılmasıyla aidiyet duygusunun şehrin algılanmasında önemli bir etken olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.
A pilot study: is belonging one of the effective factors for perception of cities?
The identification of the person develops when he/she can distinguish between himself/herself and other relevant persons, and it includes objects, some areas and places that he/she considers his/her own. Thus, place identity is a substructure of self-definition and consists mostly of what one perceives about the physical world in which she lives. In this sense, belonging can be considered as a common field of study psychology, psychiatry and architecture. This study is planned as the first pilot study of a multidisciplinary research series to determine; reflec- tions of the human-place relationship on the selection process and behavior, the perceptions of people about the homeworlds and how changes and/or distortions in perceptions affect people's psychology, and the importance of these effects in terms of psychiatric disorders and what preventive/preventive practices may be. Methods: In order to determine whether the sense of belonging is effective in the perception of a city or not, to measure the current perception of the city, a field study was conducted with the secondary school and undergraduate students who lived in Bursa but had never seen the I?znik before. On a day trip with two groups of students, the city of Iznik was visited by foot on a specific route. At the end of the trip, mental (cognitive) maps were obtained from students about their perception of the city, and then a 12-item General Belonging Scale was applied. Afterwards, the structures which were drawn on the maps and other symbolic elements were grouped as Ottoman, and Roman/Byzantine structures and the dominant preferences were determined for each subject. Conclusion: By comparing the characteristics of these preferences in terms of high and low belonging students' groups, it is concluded that belongingness is an essential factor in the perception of the city.

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