Dergi Ara >>
Yıl:2019; Cilt: 22; Sayı: 4>> Özet
TAM METİN
Klinik Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2019;22(4):424-435
Üniversite öğrencilerinde çocukluk çağı olumsuz yaşantıları ile otomatik düşünceler, ara inançlar, uyumsuz şemalar, anksiyete ve depresif belirti şiddeti ve yaşam kalitesi arasındaki ilişki
A Gündüz, İ Gündoğmuş
Kent Üniversitesi, İstanbul
GİRİŞ ve AMAÇ: Bu çalışmanın amacı, psikopatolojisi olmayan üniversite öğrencilerinde çocukluk çağı olumsuz yaşantıları (ÇÇOY) varlığının şemalara, fonksiyonel olmayan tutumlara, otomatik düşüncelere, anksiyete ve depresif belirtilerinin şiddetine ve yaşam kalitesi üzerine etkisinin araştırılmasıdır YÖNTEM ve GEREÇLER: SCID-1 ve SCID-2 ile Eksen 1 ve 2 psikopatolojisi olan bireyler çalışmadan dışlandıktan sonra, çalışmaya dâhil olma kriterlerini taşıyan gönüllülerden Çocukluk Çağı Olumsuz Yaşantılar Ölçeği Türkçe Formu (ACE-TR), SF-36 Yaşam Kalitesi Ölçeği, Beck Depresyon Envanteri (BDE), Beck Anksiyete Envanteri (BAE), Fonksiyonel Olmayan Tutumlar Ölçeği (FOTÖ), Young Şema Ölçeği (YŞÖ) ve Otomatik Düşünceler Ölçeği uygulanmıştır. Gönüllüler, ÇÇOY olmayanlar ve olanları ayırmak için ACE-TR skoru 0 olanlar ve 1 veya daha büyük olanlar olmak üzere iki gruba ayrılarak karşılaştırmalar yapılmıştır. BULGULAR: Katılımcıların yaş ortalaması 21.29±3.31 olarak bulunmuştur. Ayrıca katılımcıların 185 (%84.5) kadın, sigara kullananlar 40 (%18.7), alkol kullananlar 39 (%17.8) ve ekonomik durumu kötü olanlar 65 (%29.7) olarak bulunmuştur. ACE-TR skoru 1 ve daha büyük olanlar, 0 olanlara göre BDE, BAE, FOTÖ (Mükemmeliyetçi Tutum, Değişken Tutum, Toplam), YŞÖ (Kopukluk ve Reddedilmişlik, Zedelenmiş Otonomi, Zedelenmis Sınırlar, Diğerleri Yönelimlilik, Yüksek Standartlar), Otomatik Düşünceler Ölçeği ve SF-36 Enerji/Vitalite, Ruhsal Sağlık, Ağrı ve Genel Sağlık skorları istatistiksel olarak belirgin şekilde daha yüksek bulunmuştur. TARTIŞMA ve SONUÇ: Eksen 1 veya 2 psikopatolojiye sebep olmasa bile; ÇÇOY’leri olan kişilerin daha sık negatif otomatik düşünceleri, daha şiddetli fonksiyonel olmayan tutumları ve daha fazla ve şiddetli düzeyde uygunsuz şemaları mevcuttur. ÇÇOY varlığı kişilerin yaşam kalitesini negatif olarak etkilemekte ve depresyon ve anksiyete şiddetini artırmaktadır. Psikopatolojiye sebep olsun ya da olmasın ÇÇOY’lerin varlığı ruh sağlığı alanında çalışan kişiler tarafından sorgulanmalı ve incelenmelidir.
The relationship of adverse childhood events on automatic thoughts, intermediate beliefs, schemas, anxiety and depressive symptoms and quality of life in university students
INTRODUCTION: Aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the adverse childhood events (ACEs) over the schemas, dysfunctional attitudes, automatic thoughts, anxiety, depression severity and quality of life in the university student population without any Axis 1 and 2 psychopathology. METHODS: Individuals with Axis 1 and 2 psychopathology were excluded from the study by use of SCID-1 and SCID-2 assessment. Afterward, Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale (DAS), Young Schema Questionnaire (YSQ) and Automatic Thoughts Questionnaire (ATQ) and Adverse Childhood Events Questionnaire (ACE-TR) were applied. Volunteers were divided into two groups according to the presence of adverse childhood events (ACEs) in the ACE-TR and stated as having no ACE and one or more ACEs. RESULTS: The mean age of the participants was 21.29 ± 3.31. Also, 185 (84.5%) of the participants were female, 40 (18.7%) were smokers, 39 (17.8%) were drinking alcohol, and 65 (29.7%) had a low socioeconomic situation. Individuals with ACE-TR scores greater than 0 had significantly higher severity in the BDI, BAI, DAS (Perfectionistic attitudes, tentativeness, and total scores), YSQ (Impaired Autonomy, Disconnection/Rejection, Impaired Limits, Other-Directedness, Overvigilance/Inhibition), ATQ and SF-36 Energy / Vitality, Mental Health, Pain and Overall Health scores were statistically higher. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Even though the ACEs do not cause any Axis 1 or 2 psychopathology in our population; individuals with ACEs have more frequent negative automatic thoughts, higher levels of dysfunctional attitudes, and more severe inappropriate schemas when compared to individuals with no ACEs. The presence of ACEs negatively affect the quality of life and increases the severity of depression and anxiety. Whether or not ACEs cause psychopathology, the existence of the ACEs should be questioned and examined by mental health professionals.

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