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Yıl:2019; Cilt: 22; Sayı: 4>> Özet
TAM METİN
Klinik Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2019;22(4):408-415
Tedavi almamış major depresyon hastalarında erken dönemde bilişsel işlevler
S Salık, S Çakmak, Ş Uğuz
Çağ Üniversitesi, Adana
GİRİŞ ve AMAÇ: Bu araştırmada yeni tanı almış Major Depresif Bozukluk (MDB) hastalarında bilişsel bozulmanın erken dönemdeki düzeyinin sağlıklı kontrol grubu ile karşılaştırılarak belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Depresyon tanısı alan kişilerin bilişsel işlevlerinden özellikle dikkat, psikomotor hız ve yürütücü işlevlerde gelişebilecek bozukluk düzeyinin tespit edilmesinin tedavi programlarının geliştirilmesine katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmüştür. YÖNTEM ve GEREÇLER: Araştırmaya Adana Dr. Ekrem Tok Ruh Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Hastanesi Psikiyatri polikliniğine başvuran tedavi almamış MDB tanısı alan 60 hasta ile cinsiyet ve yaş bakımından benzer olan depresyon tanısı almamış 30 kişiden oluşan kontrol grubu dahil edilmiştir. Daha önce psikiyatrik bir hastalık tanısı ile tedavi görmüş olan, son 6 aylık süre içerisinde ilaç veya psikoterapi öyküsü olan hastalar çalışma dışı bırakılmıştır. Araştırmada, Beck Depresyon Ölçeği (BDÖ) ve İz Sürme Testi (İST) ölçme araçları olarak kullanılmıştır. BULGULAR: Çalışmada tedavi almamış MDB hastalarında erken dönemde bilişsel işlevlerde bozulmanın sağlıklı kontrol grubuna göre anlamlı olarak daha fazla olduğu belirlenmiştir. İST puanlarında hasta ve kontrol grubu arasında anlamlı farklılık olduğu saptanmıştır (p<0,005). Depresyonun klinik şiddeti ile bilişsel bozulma düzeyi arasında pozitif ve doğrusal bir ilişki olduğu sonucu elde edilmiştir (A+B Süre; r=0,52, p<0,01). TARTIŞMA ve SONUÇ: Erken dönemde MDB hastalarında bilişsel bozulma göz önünde bulundurulmalı ve bilişsel bozulmayı hedef alan tedavilere yer verilmelidir.
Cognitive functions in the early period in non-treated major depression patients
INTRODUCTION: In this study, we aimed to determine the early stage of cognitive impairment in newly diagnosed Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) patients by comparing them with the healthy control group. The cognitive functions of the people diagnosed with depression, especially attention, psychomotor speed and executive functions that may occur in the determination of the level of impairment was thought to contribute to the development of treatment programs. METHODS: The study group consisted of 60 patients with untreated MDD who were admitted to the psychiatry outpatient clinic at Adana Mental Health and Diseases Hospital and a control group consisting of 30 people who were not diagnosed with depression similar to age and gender. Patients who had previously been treated with a psychiatric diagnosis and who had a history of drug or psychotherapy during the last 6 months were excluded from the study. Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Trail Making Test (TMT) were used as measuring instruments. RESULTS: In the study, it was determined that the deterioration in cognitive functions was significantly higher in the untreated MDD patients than in the healthy control group. TMT scores were significantly different between the patient and the control group (p<0.005). A positive and linear relationship between the clinical severity of depression and the level of cognitive impairment was obtained (A+B time; r=0.52, p<0.01). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: In the early period, cognitive impairment should be considered in patients with MDD and treatments aimed at cognitive impairment should be included.

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