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Yıl:2018; Cilt: 33; Sayı: 82>> Özet
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Türk Psikoloji Dergisi; 2018;33(82):67-84
Çocukların Toplumsal Cinsiyet Bağlamında Sosyal Dâhil Etme Yargıları
B Gönül, BŞ Acar
Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi, Ankara
Mevcut çalışmanın amacı çocukların cinsiyet bağlamında sosyal dâhil etme yargılarını incelemektir. Bu amaçla, yetmiş beşi 10 yaş ve yetmiş beşi 13 yaş grubuna ait olmak üzere toplam 150 çocuğa, bir bale grubuna katılmak isteyen bir kız ve bir oğlan karakter ile ilgili iki hikâye ve bu hikâyelerde eşit nitelikler ve eşit olmayan nitelikler olmak üzere iki koşul sunulmuştur. Çocukların sosyal dâhil etme kararlarını anlamak üzere hikâyelerdeki iki karakter arasından kimin gruba dâhil edilmesi gerektiği sorulmuş, ardından bu kararlarının ardındaki gerekçelendirmeleri belirtmeleri istenmiştir. Çalışmanın sonuçlarına göre, eşit nitelikler koşulunda eşit derecede iyi bale yapan hikâyedeki bir kız karakter ve bir oğlan karakter arasından, daha sıklıkla kız karakter tercih edilmiş ve daha fazla kalıp yargı gerekçelendirmeleri yapılmıştır. Eşit olmayan nitelikler koşulunda ise çocuklar daha iyi bale yapan karakter olan oğlanı grup başarısını düşünerek daha sıklıkla tercih etmişlerdir. Ayrıca, eşit nitelikler koşulunda 10 yaş grubundaki çocuklar kız karakteri daha sıklıkla tercih edip daha fazla kalıp yargı gerekçelendirmeleri yaparken, 13 yaş grubu, oğlan karakteri daha sıklıkla tercih edip daha fazla ahlaki gerekçelendirmeler yapmıştır. Türkiye’de çocukların cinsiyet bağlamında sosyal dâhil etme yargılarını ilk defa araştıran bu çalışma, toplumsal normların çocukların değerlendirmelerine önemli oranda etki ettiğine dair bilgiler sunmaktadır.
Children’s Social Inclusion Judgments in the Context of Gender
In the present study, it was aimed to examine how children evaluate social inclusion in context of gender. In total, 150 children were recruited. Along with the two vignettes about a boy and a girl who both want to be part of a ballet group, these children were presented with two study conditions as having equal and unequal qualifications. In order to assess their decisions, children were asked whom to include, the girl or the boy, into the ballet group. Later on, they were also asked for the justifications of their decisions. According to the results, children included the girl more frequently and made more stereotyping justifications in the equal qualifications. In the unequal qualifications condition, they chose the boy, who is better at ballet, by referring the group functioning. Age differences were found in the equal qualifications condition. While 10-year-olds were more likely to choose the girl in the vignette by referring to stereotyping justifications, 13-year-olds were more likely to choose the boy in the vignette by making moral justifications. This study provides important insights by shedding light on how gender roles influence children’s social evaluations, and contributes to the literature by being the first study examining related judgments in the context of Turkish culture.

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