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Yıl:2018; Cilt: 33; Sayı: 82>> Özet
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Türk Psikoloji Dergisi; 2018;33(82):20-33
Ruh Sağlığı Çalışanlarının Yaşam Boyu Şiddet Deneyimleri
AA Özdoğru, Ö Akgül
Üsküdar Üniveristesi, İstanbul
Sağlık çalışanlarına yönelik şiddet olguları medyada ve araştırmalarda daha sık gündeme gelirken ruh sağlığı alanında hizmet sunan profesyoneller hakkında yeterli bilgi bulunmamaktadır. Bu çalışmada ruh sağlığı alanlarında çalışan bireylerin yaşam boyu şiddete maruz kalma deneyimleri incelenmiştir. Anlık tekil tarama modelini kullanan bu araştırmada çevrimiçi anket uygulamasıyla 781 çalışanın bilgisine ulaşılmıştır. Ortalama yaşı 31 ve %84’ü kadın olan katılımcıların çoğunluğunun psikoloji/klinik psikoloji (%50) ile psikolojik danışmanlık (%44) alanlarından geldiği görülmüştür. Katılımcılara, araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen ankette yaşamlarının herhangi bir döneminde yedi farklı şiddet türünden her birine maruz kalıp kalmadıkları, maruz kaldılarsa bu şiddetin kaynağı, şiddete gösterilen tepkiler, psikolojik destek alıp almadıkları ve şiddetin sonuçları sorulmuştur. Katılımcıların sırasıyla en çok sözel şiddet, duygusal şiddet, fiziksel şiddet, ihmal, sosyal toplumsal şiddet, cinsel şiddet ve ekonomik şiddet yaşadıkları gözlenmiştir. “Arkadaş”ın en sık belirtilen şiddet kaynağı olduğu gözlenirken çoğu katılımcı yaşadığı şiddete tepki gösterdiğini fakat psikolojik destek almadığını belirtmiştir. Şiddet deneyiminin sonucunda kendini değersiz hissetmek de en sık belirtilen etki olmuştur. Çalışmanın bulguları alanyazındaki önceki çalışmalarla örtüşürken bazı konularda daha fazla araştırma yapılması ihtiyacı ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu bulgular ışığında, çoğunlukla şiddet mağdurlarına hizmet sunan ruh sağlığı çalışanlarının maruz kaldıkları kişisel şiddet deneyimlerini göz önüne alan program, uygulama ve müdahaleler geliştirilmelidir.
Lifetime Experiences of Violence Among Mental Health Professionals
Cases of violence towards health professionals have been increasingly appearing in media and research; on the other hand, there is not enough information about professionals who provide mental health services in related fields. In this study, lifetime experiences of exposure to violence among mental health professionals in Turkey have been examined. This study had a general descriptive model and data was collected from 781 professionals via an online survey application. Participants of the current study had a mean age of 31. They were mostly female (84%) and from the fields of psychology/clinical psychology (50%) and psychological counseling (44%). In a questionnaire developed by researchers, participants were asked about their lifetime experiences of any of the seven different types of violence, its source, impact, and outcomes as well as reception of psychological support. Participants most frequently reported exposure to verbal violence, emotional violence, physical violence, neglect, social-societal violence, sexual violence, and economic violence, respectively. “Friend” was the most commonly cited source of violence where most participants reported showing a reaction but not receiving psychological support. The most commonly reported effect of violence was reduced feeling of self-worth. In the light of these findings; programs, applications, and interventions that take personal histories of violence into account should be developed for those individuals from mental health fields who mostly serve victims of violence.

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