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Yıl:2019; Cilt: 56; Sayı: 4>> Özet
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Nöropsikiyatri Arşivi; 2019;56(4):288-291
Beyin Hastalıklarında Tedavi Hedefi: 12/15 Lipoksijenaz
H Karatas , CC Aktas
Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Ankara
Lipoksijenazlar, araşidonik asit ve diğer çoklu doymamış yağ asitlerinden eikosanoid ve ilgili bileşikleri üreten lipit oksitleyici enzim ailesindendir. Bu metabolitler konak savunma mekanizmaları, kardiyovasküler hastalıklar, kanser, inflamatuvar, alerjik ve nörodejeneratif hastalıklar gibi birçok hastalığın patogenezinde önemli rol oynar. 12/15-lipoksijenaz (LOX), bir fosfolipazın etkisine maruz kalmaksızın, çoklu doymamış yağ asitleri içeren lipit membranları doğrudan okside edebilmesi nedeniyle ve dolayısıyla mitokondri gibi membranöz organeller üzerinde doğrudan saldırıya yol açması bakımından özeldir. İnmeden sonra 12/15-LOX’un sitotoksik aktivitesi, nöronlarda ve endotel hücrelerinde artar ve hem nöronal hücre ölümüne hem de kan-beyin bariyeri sızıntısına katkıda bulunur. Seçici olarak rekombinant 12/15-LOX’u hedefleyen in vitro ve murin ortoloğuna karşı ex vivo geliştirilen inhibitörlerin keşfi, 12/15- LOX ile ilişkili inme ve diğer beyin hastalıklarının tedavisi için yeni bir terapötik stratejiyi gündeme getirmiştir. Bu derleme yazısında 12/15-LOX biyokimyasından kısaca bahsedildikten sonra, ardından 12/15-LOX’un patofizyolojisinde rol oynadığı hastalıklar ve 12/15-LOX inhibitörlerinin nörolojik hastalıklar için bir tedavi seçeneği olarak incelendiği son çalışmalar gözden geçirilmiştir.
12/15 Lipoxygenase as a Therapeutic Target in Brain Disorders
Lipoxygenases are a family of lipid-oxidizing enzymes, which generate eicosanoids and related compounds from arachidonic acid and other polyunsaturated fatty acids. These metabolites play important roles in physiology and pathogenesis of host defense mechanisms, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, inflammatory, allergic and neurodegenerative diseases. The 12/15-lipoxygenase (LOX) is special in that it can directly oxidize lipid membranes containing polyunsaturated fatty acids, without the preceding action of a phospholipase, leading to the direct attack on membranous organelles, such as mitochondria. The cytotoxic activity of human 12/15-LOX is up-regulated in neurons and endothelial cells especially after a stroke and thought to contribute to both neuronal cell death and blood-brain barrier leakage. The discovery of inhibitors that selectively target recombinant 12/15-LOX in vitro, as well as possessing activity against the murine orthologous ex vivo, could potentially support a novel therapeutic strategy for the treatment of stroke and other brain disorders related to 12/15-LOX. Here we reviewed 12/15- LOX chemistry shortly, and the diseases in which 12/15-LOX has a role in their pathophysiology and recent advances of 12/15-LOX inhibitors as a treatment option for neurological diseases

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