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Yıl:2019; Cilt: 56; Sayı: 4>> Özet
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Nöropsikiyatri Arşivi; 2019;56(4):243-247
Huzursuz Bacak Sendromu Olan Hastaların Optik Koherens Tomografi Sonuçlarının ve Kognitif Fonksiyonlarının Değerlendirilmesi
AZA Tak , M Çelik , A Kalenderoğlu , S Sağlam , Y Altun ,E Gedik
Adıyaman Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Adıyaman
Amaç: Huzursuz bacak sendromunda (HBS) Parkinson hastalığında olduğu gibi dopaminerjik yolaklarda bozukluk olabileceği hipotezinden hareketle, HBS olan hastalarda retinal sinir ağının etkilenip etkilenmediği, ayrıca bu hastalarda kognitif alanlarda bozulma olup olmadığını değerlendirmeyi planladık. Bu nedenle, HBS olan hastalarda optik koherans tomografi (OKT) ile retinal sinir yapısını ve montreal bilişsel değerlendirme (MOBİD) ölçeği ile de kognitif yıkım olup olmadığını tespit etmeyi amaçladık. Yöntem: Toplam 30 HBS hastası ile 30 sağlıklı gönüllü çalışmaya alınarak her iki gruba OKT çekimi uygulandı. Ganglion hücre kompleksinin segmentasyonu yapılarak alt parametreleri olan retinal sinir lifi tabakası (RSLT), ganglion hücre tabakası (GHT) ve iç pleksiform tabakanın (IPT) kalınlığı cihaz tarafından ölçülerek kayıt altına alındı. Ayrıca vaka ve konrol grubuna MOBİD ölçeği uygulandı. Bulgular: HBS olan hastalar ile kontrol grubu arasında RSLT, GHT, IPT ve koroid kalınlıkları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark tespit edilemedi. Ancak hasta ve kontrol grubuna uygulanan MOBİD ölçeğinin toplam skoru ve alt parametrelerinin, kontrol grubuna göre anlamlı azalmış olduğu tespit edildi. Ayrıca, OKT parametreleri ile MOBİD parametreleri arasında anlamlı bir korelasyon tespit edilemedi. Sonuç: HBS olan hastalarda retinal nöronlarda (RSLT, GHT, IPT) dejenerasyon tespit edilemedi. Ancak, bu hastaların MOBİD ölçeği toplam skorları ve alt parametrelerinde bozulma olduğu görüldü. Diğer yandan MOBİD ölçeği ile RSLT, GHT ve IPT tabakaları arasında anlamlı bir korelasyon tespit edilemedi. Bu bulgular HBS olan hastalarda anatomik olarak bir sinir dejenerasyonundan bağımsız olarak dopamin disfonksiyonuna bağlı olarak kognitif fonksiyonlarda azalma olabileceğini düşündürmektedir. Ancak sinir dejenerasyonunu olup olmayacağını değerlendirebilmek için uzunlamasına takip çalışmalarına da ihtiyaç duyulmaktadır.
Evaluation of Optical Coherence Tomography Results and Cognitive Functions in Patients with Restless Legs Syndrome
Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate whether retinal neural network was impaired and cognitive functions were disturbed in restless legs syndrome (RLS) considering the hypothesis that there may be a dysfunction in dopaminergic pathways in RLS like in Parkinson’s disease. Therefore, we evaluated retinal neural network with optical coherence tomography (OCT) and presence of cognitive impairment with Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA). Methods: OCT evaluations were performed for 30 RLS patients and 30 healthy controls. Ganglion cell complex was segmented to retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), ganglion cell layer (GCL), and inner plexiform layer (IPL) automatically by the device, and recorded. Additionally, all the patients and the controls were evaluated using MOCA. Results: No statistically significant difference was detected between RLS and controls in RNFL, GCL, IPL, and choroidal thicknesses. However, total MOCA score and all of its subscale scores were significantly lower in the RLS patients compared with the controls. No significant correlation was detected between OCT and MOCA parameters. Conclusion: No degeneration was detected in retinal neurons (RNFL, GCL, and IPL) of RLS patients. However, impairments were seen in MOCA total and subscale scores of these patients. On the other hand, no significant correlation was detected between MOCA scores and RNFL, GCL, or IPL thicknesses. These findings suggest decrease in cognitive functions of RLS patients probably due to dopaminergic dysfunction regardless of anatomical neural degeneration. Longitudinal follow-up studies are warranted to evaluate whether neuronal degeneration will develop

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