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Yıl:2019; Cilt: 20; Sayı: 5>> Özet
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Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2019;20(5):460-469
Unipolar depresyon hastalarında kronotip ve mizaç ilişkisi ile kronotipin özkıyım riskine etkisi
N Kılıç, DG Öyekçin, E Akıncı
Şanlıurfa Mehmet Akif İnan Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, Şanlıurfa
Amaç: Bu çalışmada unipolar depresyon hastalarında kronotip ve mizaç ilişkisi ile kronotipin özkıyım riskine olan etkisinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Katılımcılar, alım ve dışlama ölçütlerine uygun gönüllü olan unipolar depresyon tanısı konmuş hastalardan oluşmaktadır. Çalışma grubuna, klinisyen tarafından Sosyodemografik Veri Formu, klinik değerlendirme ölçekleri (İntihar Olasılığı Ölçeği, Sabahçıl Akşamcıl Ölçeği, Pittsburgh Uyku Kalitesi İndeksi, Hamilton Depresyon Derecelendirme Ölçeği, Hamilton Anksiyete Derecelendirme Ölçeği, Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris, San Diego Autoquestionaire) uygulanmış ve DSM-5 yönelimli tanısal görüşme kılavuzu ile klinik değerlendirme yapılmıştır. Sonuçlar: Katılımcıların 69’u kadın, 19’u erkekti. Özkıyım girişimi öykü-sü olanların oranı %24.1 idi. Katılımcıların %50’sinde hafif, %50’sinde ise orta şiddette depresyon saptandı. Katılım-cıların, %30.7’si akşamcıl, %58’i ara, %11.4’ü sabahçıl kronotipteydi. Katılımcıların %90.8’inde uyku kalitesi bozuk-tu. Katılımcılarda en sık saptanan mizaç depresif mizaç (%25) idi. Kronotip tercihi ile depresyon şiddeti, anksiyete düzeyi, intihar olasılığı, uyku kalitesi ve mizaç özellikleri arasında anlamlı bir ilişki saptanmadı. Tartışma: Mizaç ve kronotip özellikleri arasında doğrudan ilişki saptanmamıştır. Kronotip özellikleri depresyon şiddetini etkilememek-tedir. Kronotip özellikleri, özkıyım için bir risk etkeni değildir. Ek psikiyatrik bozukluğu bulunmayan hafif ve orta şiddet depresyon hastalarında özkıyım riskini değerlendirirken, mizaç ve kronotip özelliklerinden çok, klinisyenin gözlemi ile depresyonun klinik özelliklerine öncelik verilmelidir.
Chronotype and temperament relationship and the effect of chronotype on suicide risk in patients with unipolar depression
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between chronotype and temperament in patients with unipolar depression and the effect of chronotype on suicide risk. Methods: The participants consisted of patients with unipolar depression who were eligible for inclusion and exclusion criteria. Subjects were interviewed with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5 and HAM-D, HAM-A scales. Patients filled the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, the Suicide Probability Scale and the Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris, San Diego Autoquestionnaire. Results: The participants were admitted female (n=69) and male (n=19). The rate of past suicide attempts was 24.1%. 50% of the patients had moderate depression and 50% of them had mild depression. According to MEQ scores patients were classified into three groups: 30.7% of them were eveningness, 58% of them were neither (intermediate) and 11.4 % of them were morningness type. The 90.8% of the patients had poor sleep quality. Depressive temperament was the most common temperament in the participants. Chronotype preference was not found to be associated with depression severity, anxiety, suicide probability, sleep quality, and temperament characteristics. Discussion: There was not an association between temperament and chronotype preferences. Chonotype preferences do not affect the severity of de-pression. Chronotype is not a risk factor for suicide. In assessing the risk of suicide in patients with mild to moderate severity depression without comorbid psychiatric disorders; the clinical characteristics of depression should be prioritized by the clinicians, rather than temperament and chronotype

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