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Yıl:2018; Cilt: 5; Sayı: 3>> Özet
TAM METİN
The Journal of Neurobehavioral Sciences; 2018;5(3):140-149
Eylem içerisinde sosyal ödüller: ödül büyüklüğü ve değer
EC Brown, FK Krzan, G Eskikurt, C Tas
University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada
Sosyal etkileşimlerde, gözlemlenen eylemlerle ilişkilendirdiğimiz değerler, başkalarının davranışlarını ve aldığımız kararları nasıl yorumladığımızı etkileyebilir. Bazı araştırmalar, farklı sosyal bağlamların ve özellikle de algılanan eylemlerin ödül değerinin, başkalarının eylemlerini gözlemlerken motor sistem aktivitesini düzenleyebileceğini öne sürmektedir. Bununla birlikte, ödül büyüklüğüne olan duyarlılık, eylem gözlem sistemi boyutunda hiçbir zaman test edilmemiştir. Burada, katılımcıların (N = 23) pasif olarak yüksek veya düşük ödüllere veya kayıplara yol açan eylemleri gözlemlerken, ödül ritim değerinin ve büyüklüğünün mu ritm üzerindeki bağımsız etkilerini ve motor ayna sisteminin bir endeksini araştırmak adına elektroensefalografi (EEG) kullandık. Sosyal yaklaşım / kaçınma, zihin teorisi ve empatinin davranışsal ölçümlemeleri de alınmıştır. Sonuçlar, ödül değerliliğinin, kayıpların daha büyük mu süpresyona yol açtığını, ancak ritmin büyüklüğünün etkili olmadığını ve mu ritmde önemli ölçüde modüle olduğunu gösterdi. Elde edilen bulgular, mu ritim ve sosyal bilişsel beceriler arasında, özellikle bilişsel empati ve duygusal reaktivite ile ilgili ödül ile ilgili modülasyon arasında yeni bir ilişki olduğunu göstermiştir. Bu çalışma, ayna motor sistemindeki ödül işleme rolüne ilişkin daha fazla kanıt sunmakta ve değer bazlı eylem algısı ile sosyal bilişsel özellikler arasındaki ilişkiyi vurgulamakla birlikte toplumsal karar almada ayna sisteminin rolünü vurgulamaktadır.
Social reward in action: reward magnitude and valence effects on the EEG mu rhythm
In social interactions, the values we associate with observed actions can influence how we process others’ behaviors and the decisions we make. Some studies have suggested that different social contexts, and particularly the reward value of perceived actions can modulate motor system activity when observing others’ actions. However, sensitivity to reward magnitude has never been tested in the action observation system. Here we used electroencephalography (EEG) to investigate the independent effects of reward valence and magnitude on the mu rhythm, an index of the motor mirror system, while participants (N=23) passively observed actions that led to high or low rewards or losses. Behavioral measures of social approach/avoidance, theory of mind and empathy were also taken. Results showed that reward valence significantly modulated mu rhythm, where losses led to greater mu suppression, but reward magnitude had no effect. The findings also demonstrated a novel association between the specific rewardrelated modulation of the mu rhythm and social cognitive skills, particularly cognitive empathy and emotional reactivity. This study provides further evidence for the role of reward processing in the mirror motor system, and highlights the relationship between value-based action perception and social cognitive traits, implicating a role for the mirror system in social decision-making.

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