Dergi Ara >>
Yıl:2019; Cilt: 3; Sayı: 5>> Özet
TAM METİN
Yaşam Becerileri Psikoloji Dergisi; 2019;3(5):85-91
Hastane Anksiyete ve Depresyon Ölçeği (HADS) Üzerine Bir Çalışma
DT Küçükelçi
Yıldız Teknik Üniversitesi, İstanbul
Bu çalışmanın amacı; Hastane Anksiyete ve Depresyon Ölçeği’ni, bedensel rahatsızlığı olmayan bir örnekleme uygulayarak sonuçlarını değerlendirmektir. Günümüz yoğun hayat şartlarında anksiyete ve depresyon gibi şikâyetlere sahip kişilerin sayısı her geçen gün artmaktadır. Bu çalışmada kullanılan Hastane Anksiyete ve Depresyon Ölçeğindeki maddeler, ‘hastane’ sözcüğü kullanılmadan sağlıklı bireylere yöneltilmiştir. Çalışma, bedensel rahatsızlığı olmayan ve İstanbul’da yaşayan 276 kişi ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Katılımcıların 240’ı kadın, 36’sı erkektir. Yaşları 35 ve üzerinde 182 kişi, üniversite mezunu olanlar ise 178 kişidir. Ayrıca katılımcıların 142’si yönetici statüsünde çalışmaktadır. İş tecrübesi 16 yıl ve üzeri olanlar ise 114 kişidir. Katılımcılardan elde edilen veriler SPSS 22.0 ve AMOS 22.0 ile analiz edilmiştir. Yapı geçerliği için Açımlayıcı Faktör Analizi ile Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizi kullanılmıştır. Buna göre; (p<0.05) olmak üzere ki-kare(57.984), ki-kare/df (2.899) model test değerlerine göre, doğrulayıcı faktör analizinin anlamlı olduğu anlaşılmaktadır. Ayrıca uyum indeks değerleri GFI (.958), CFI (.953), SRMR (.0487), RMSEA (.080)  “kabul edilebilir uyum” sınırları dâhilinde yer almaktadır (Kline, 2005; Sümer, 2000). Analizler sonucunda, ölçeğe ait 14 maddeden 2 tanesi faktör yükleri düşük olduğu için elenmiştir. Literatürde 2 faktör altında toplanmış olan bu ölçek, bu çalışmada 3 faktör altında toplanmıştır. 12 maddeden oluşan ölçeğin faktörleri, anksiyete, depresyon ve hafif depresyon şeklinde adlandırılmıştır. Ayrıca, güvenilirlik analizi kapsamında hesaplanan Cronbach’s Alpha (0.81) ve AVE ile CR değerleri de hesaplanmıştır. Cronbach’s Alpha (0.81) değeri ile oldukça güvenilir düzeydedir. AVE ve CR değerleri de ölçekte faktör bazında hesaplanmıştır. Sonuçlara göre, AVE değerleri tercih edildiği gibi 0.50 değerinden, CR değerleri de 0.70 değerinden daha büyüktür. Ayrıca CR değerlerinin de tercih edildiği şekilde AVE değerlerinden büyük olduğu hesaplamalar sonucunda ortaya konmuştur. Tüm bu analizler ve çalışmalar ölçeğin, bedensel hastalığı olmayan bireylere uygulanabilir olduğunu göstermektedir. Ölçek, bedensel rahatsızlığı olmayan örneklemler için de güvenilir, geçerli ve kullanılabilirdir.
A Study on The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS)
The aim of this study is to evaluate the results of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale by applying a sample without any physical discomfort. The number of people with complaints such as anxiety and depression is increasing day by day. The items in the hospital anxiety and depression scale used in this study were directed to healthy individuals without using the word “hospital”. 240 of the participants were female and 36 were male. There are 182 people aged 35 and over, and 178 are university graduates. In addition, 142 of the participants work as executive positions. Work experience of 16 years and over is 114 persons. The study was performed with 276 people without any physical discomfort. The data were analyzed by SPSS 22.0 and AMOS 22.0. Constructive factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were used for construct validity. In the confirmatory factor analysis, model test values (p<0.05); x2 (57.84), x2/df (2.899), Confirmatory Factor Analysis is significant. In addition, fit index values were found to be within the "acceptable harmonization" limits of GFI (.958), CFI (.953), SRMR (.0487), and RMSEA (.080) (Kline, 2005; Sumer, 2000). As a result of the analyzes, 2 of the 14 items of the scale were eliminated because the factor loads were low. This scale, which was collected under 2 factors in the literature, was collected under 3 factors in this study.  The first dimension of 6 items is named anxiety. The third dimension was named as depression, and the third with 3 items was called mild depression. In addition, Cronbach's Alpha (0.81) and AVE and CR values ??calculated within the scope of reliability analysis indicate that the scale is applicable to individuals without physical illness. Composite Reliability (CR) and Convergence Validity (AVE) values for the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) were calculated for each dimension separately. According to this, the AVE values of all dimensions are 0.50 and the CR values are higher than 0.70. CR values higher than the AVE values (0.50) are expected to be higher than the critical value (0.70).  The scale is also reliable, valid and usable for non-bodily diseases.

http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-constance-bag-23cm-togo-leather-black-gold.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-garden-party-handbag-small-31cm-red.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-birkin-35cm-cattle-skin-vein-handbags-orange-golden.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-jige-clutch-29cm-croco-white-grey.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-kelly-32cm-ostrich-vein-6108-black-golden.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-jige-clutch-29cm-croco-dark-red.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-herbag-31cm-green-canvas-bag.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-epsom-leather-wallet-camel-silver.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-calf-leather-men-h-belt-138-silver-blue.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-so-kelly-28cm-togo-leather-shoulder-bag-green-silver.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-kelly-32cm-togo-leather-6108-electric-blue-silver.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-epsom-leather-jige-clutch-29cm-orange.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-birkin-30cm-togo-leather-handbag-blue-gold.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-medor-clutch-29cm-croco-burgundy.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-bolide-31cm-togo-leather-pink-bag.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-birkin-35cm-handbag-crocodile-leather-green-gold.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-constance-23cm-croco-leather-black.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-lindy-30cm-handbag-pink-silver.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-garden-party-handbag-small-31cm-elephant-grey.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-birkin-35cm-togo-leather-handbags-dark-blue-golden.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-jige-wallet-togo-leather-black.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-dogon-wallet-togo-leather-h001-brown.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-kelly-cut-31cm-epsom-leather-clutch-orange.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-jige-wallet-togo-leather-electric-blue.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-jige-wallet-togo-leather-pink.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-h-wallet-royal-blue-silver.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-birkin-30cm-togo-leather-handbags-black-gold.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-kelly-cut-31cm-epsom-leather-clutch-electric-blue.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-lindy-30cm-handbag-blue-silver.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-dogon-wallet-togo-leather-h001-burgundy.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-medor-clutch-29cm-croco-grey.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-constance-bag-23cm-epsom-leather-grey-gold.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-kelly-cut-31cm-epsom-leather-clutch-elephant-grey.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-calf-leather-wallet-h005-red.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-lindy-30cm-handbag-camel-gold.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-kelly-wallet-togo-leather-black.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-epsom-leather-jige-clutch-29cm-orange.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-mini-evelyne-tpm-bag-pink.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-herbag-31cm-burgundy-canvas-bag.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-mini-kelly-22cm-epsom-leather-yellow-silver-with-chain-strap.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-constance-bag-23cm-togo-leather-blue-silver.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-30cm-birkin-bag-togo-leather-with-strap-light-pink-gold.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-jige-wallet-togo-leather-blue.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-birkin-35cm-togo-leather-handbags-rose-silver.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-garden-party-handbag-small-31cm-brown.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-jige-clutch-29cm-croco-green.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-epsom-leather-jige-clutch-29cm-brown.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-garden-party-handbag-small-31cm-blue.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-birkin-35cm-cattle-skin-vein-handbags-blue-gold.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-birkin-25cm-handbag-6068-orange-silver.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-garden-party-handbag-large-36cm-black.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-birkin-35cm-togo-leather-handbags-red-silver.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-constance-bag-23cm-epsom-leather-pink-silver.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-kelly-cut-31cm-epsom-leather-clutch-pink.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-calf-leather-wallet-h005-in-orange.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-picotin-lock-togo-leather-red.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-mini-kelly-22cm-epsom-leather-green-silver-with-chain-strap.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-birkin-25cm-handbag-6068-orange-silver.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-birkin-35cm-togo-leather-handbag-yellow-gold.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-birkin-35cm-cattle-skin-vein-handbags-orange-golden.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-constance-bag-23cm-togo-leather-camel-gold.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-calf-leather-men-h-belt-138-gold-light-coffee.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-kelly-28cm-bag-togo-leather-blue-gold.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-garden-party-handbag-small-31cm-pink.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-garden-party-handbag-large-36cm-red.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-birkin-30cm-togo-leather-handbag-burgundy-gold.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-mini-evelyne-tpm-bag-dark-blue.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-birkin-35cm-cattle-skin-vein-handbags-light-coffee-silver.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-so-kelly-28cm-togo-leather-shoulder-bag-hot-pink-silver.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-birkin-30cm-togo-leather-handbags-black-gold.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-medor-clutch-29cm-croco-white.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-garden-party-36cm-leather-handbag-black-hot-pink.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-birkin-35cm-handbag-crocodile-leather-brown-gold.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-constance-wallet-togo-leather-rose.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-bi-fold-wallet-h006-black.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-constance-bag-23cm-epsom-leather-red-gold.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-birkin-35cm-togo-leather-handbags-black-silver.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-mini-evelyne-tpm-bag-blue.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-calf-leather-men-h-belt-138-silver-blue.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-epsom-leather-jige-clutch-29cm-black.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-epsom-leather-jige-clutch-29cm-brown.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-bolide-31cm-togo-leather-orange-bag.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-calf-leather-wallet-h005-h-red.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-medor-clutch-29cm-croco-burgundy.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-birkin-35cm-crocodile-leather-handbag-grey-white-gold.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-lindy-30cm-handbag-red-gold.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-birkin-35cm-cattle-skin-vein-handbags-dark-khaki-silver.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-garden-party-36cm-canvas-handbag-yellow.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-calf-leather-8616-handbag-cherry-pink.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-kelly-cut-31cm-epsom-leather-clutch-orange.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-lindy-30cm-handbag-orange-silver.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-dogon-wallet-togo-leather-h001-blue.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-birkin-35cm-handbag-crocodile-leather-green-gold.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-mini-kelly-22cm-epsom-leather-yellow-silver-with-chain-strap.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-mini-evelyne-tpm-bag-camel.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-constance-bag-23cm-togo-leather-black-gold.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-mini-evelyne-tpm-bag-green.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-dogon-wallet-togo-leather-h001-green.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-birkin-35cm-cattle-skin-vein-handbags-blue-gold.html http://www.simplehandbaga.com/hermes-constance-23cm-togo-leather-orange-silver.html