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Yıl:1995; Cilt: 32; Sayı: 3>> Özet
Nöropsikiyatri Arşivi; 1995;32(3):151-156
Enkoprezi'de Anne-Baba Çocuk Etkileşimleri ve Babalık İşlevi
ML Kayaalp, F Akçaoğlu
Cerrahpaşa Tıp Fakültesi Psikiyatri ABD
ICD-10'a göre enkoprezi tanısı alan 44 olgu psikomotor gelişim öyküsü, anne-baba çocuk etkileşimleri, çocuğun ve ailenin enkopreziye yaklaşımı, okul başarısı ve eşlik eden semptomlar açısından değerlendirildi. Olgular arasında erkek çocukların, tek ve iki çocuklu ailelerin, sekonder tip enkopretiklerin ve başka şikayetlerle getirilip enkoprezisi tesadüfen ortaya çıkanların çoğunlukta olması ve enkoprezinin yalnızca evde ya da eve gelirken gerçekleşmesi patolojinin ilişkisel boyutunun ön plana çıkardı. Annelerin bir bölümü aşın müdahaleci, mesafe koyucu ve çocuğu aşağılayıcı bir tutum gösteriyordu. Babaların ise bir bölümü ilgisiz, kayıtsız ve otoriteyi anne ya da babaanneye devretmiş bir tutum içindeyken bir bölümü de aşın otoriter ve şiddete başvuran bir tutum sergiliyordu. Bir grup baba da ölüm, terk ve aynlık gibi nedenlerden dolayı çocuktan uzaktaydı. Bu bulgular psikometrik tetkiklerden elde edilen veriler ve enkopreziye eşlik eden semptomlarla birleştirildiğinde enkoprezinin, kişiliğin örgütlenmesiyle ilgili global bir patolojinin görünümlerinden biri olduğu sonucuna varıldı. Ayırt edici esas özelliği temel güven duygusunun yetersiz gelişimi olan bu patolojinin anne ve çocuk ilişkisinden çok baba çocuk ilişkisinin niteliğiyle ilgili olduğu sonucuna varıldı.
Parent-Child Interactions and Paternal Function In Encopresis
44 cases with encopresis diagnosis (according to ICD-10 criteria) have been evaluated for develop­mental history, parent-child interactions, child's and parents' attitudes regarding encopresis, school performance and accompanying symptoms. Sever­al factors led us to think that the pathology under­lying encopresis is related to the interactions be­tween child and parent. These factors are the predominance of boys, of families with one or two children, of secondary encopretics and of the cases who come with other complaint and whose en­copresis are discovered incidentally. On the other hand the defecation is accomplished excusively at home or on the way to home and never in school. Some of the mothers showed intrusive, obsessive and anxious attitudes while others were more dis­tant and refusing. Some of the fathers "were ne-clecting, indifferent, transmitting the authority to their wives or their own mothers. Others showed an excessively authoritarian attitude and violence. In a third group, the fathers were absent owing to death, abandonment or divorse. These findigns and the results of the psychological tests suggest that encopresis is one of the different aspects of a more global personality organisation pathology. The discriminating characteristic of this pathology seems to be the insufficient development of the sense of basic trust in relation with the quality of the child-father relationship.
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