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Yıl:2018; Cilt: 2; Sayı: 1>> Özet
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Current Addiction Research; 2018;2(1):5-10
Alkol Bağımlılığı Olan Hastaların Bellek İşlevlerinin Değerlendirilmesi
S Nurmedov
Acıbadem Cerrahi Tıp Merkezi, İstanbul
Uzun süreli alkol kullanımı aralarında öğrenme, bellek, görsel-uzamsal işlevler ve soyutlamanın da bulunduğu farklı bilişsel işlevlerde değişen düzeylerde bozulmaya neden olur. Farklı teknikler kullanılarak yapılan araştırmalarda, özellikle frontal lob olmak üzere neokorteks, limbik sistem ve serebellumun alkolün etkilerine en hassas beyin bölgeleri olduğu gösterilmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı alkol bağımlılığı öyküsü olup, en az erken tam remisyon ölçütlerini karşılayan bireylerdeki bellek bozukluklarının değerlendirilmesi ve sağlıklı kontrollerle karşılaştırılmasıdır. Ayrıca ayıklık süresi ile bellek bozulması arasındaki ilişkinin araştırılması da amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmaya 24 hasta ve yaş, cinsiyet ve eğitim düzeyi açısından eşleştirilmiş 24 sağlıklı kontrol alınmıştır. Herhangi bir Eksen-I ek tanısı, kronik nörolojik hastalığı, demansı, kafa travması öyküsü, işlevselliğini bozan kronik hastalığı, Wernicke ensefalopatisi ve Korsakof sendromu olan hastalar çalışma dışında tutulmuşlardır. Alkol bağımlılığı olan bireylerin ve kontrol grubunun bellek işlevleri WMS ve SBST ile değerlendirilmiştir. Kontrol ve bağımlı grupları arasında anlamlı farklılık gösteren bellek alt ölçekleri SBST’de anlık bellek, öğrenme puanı ve öğrenme yanlış puanı’dır. WBS’de düz sayı menzili, ters sayı menzili, görsel hatırlama, bellek katsayısıdır. Erken ve kalıcı tam remisyon grupları arasında SBST’de toplam hatırlama puanı ve uzun süreli bellek yanlış puanında anlamlı farklılık bulunmuştur. Bu çalışmanın sonucunda alkol bağımlılığı olan hasta grubunda dikkat ve bellek işlevlerinin kontrol grubuna göre anlamlı olarak daha bozuk olduğu saptanmıştır. Bu bulgular bu konu ile ilgili literatür ile uyumlu bulunmuştur.
Evaluation of Memory Functions of Alcohol Dependent Patients
Long-term alcohol use causes varying degrees of deficit in various cognitive functions including learning, memory, visuospatial functions and abstraction. Studies using different techniques indicate that the neocortex, particularly the frontal lobe; limbic system and cerebellum are the brain regions most vulnerable to the toxic effects of alcohol. The aim of this study is to assess the memory function in individuals with a history of alcohol dependency who meet the criteria for at least early partial remission and to compare it with healthy controls. The study also aims to investigate the association of memory function with duration of abstinence. Twenty-four patients and 24 age, sex and education matched healthy controls were included in the study. Patients with Axis-I comorbidity, chronic neurological disease, dementia, chronic disease, Wernicke encephalopathy, Korsakoff syndrome and history of head trauma were excluded. The memory function of alcohol dependent individuals and healthy controls was assessed with Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS) and Rey AuditoryVerbal Learning Test (AVLT). The memory subscales that show significant difference between the dependent and control groups are immediate memory span, total scores of learning trials and learning false score in AVLT and forward digit span, backward digit span, visual reproduction and memory quotient in WMS. Statistically significant difference was found in the long term recall score and long term false recognition score between the early and sustained full remission subgroups. As a result of this study, dependent subjects are found to show more deficit in attention and memory functions compared to healthy controls. These findings are consistent with the literature on this subject.

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