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Yıl:2005; Cilt: 8; Sayı: 3>> Özet
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Klinik Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2005;8(3):135-140
Sınır Kişilik Bozukluğunda Psikanalitik Yönelimli Psikoterapi İlkelerinin Bir Olgu Eşliğinde Tartışılması
A Sayın, DF Özdemir, S Aslan, AÇ Kuruoğlu, L Zileli
Gazi Üniv. Tıp Fakültesi Psikiyatri ABD, Ankara
1940-60'lı yıllar arasında sınır kişilik bozukluğu olan hastalara daha çok preşizofrenik gibi bakılmaktaydı ve dolayısıyla bu tanıyı alan hastalarda psikanalizden kaçınmak, destekleyici psikoterapi uygulamak önerilmekteydi. 1970'li yıllarda Kernberg'in "Sınır Kişilik Organizasyonu" tanımıyla, tedavi yaklaşımında araştırıcı yöne doğru bir kayış oldu. 1980'li yıllardan itibaren eski görüşlere bir dönüş oldu. Terapiden olumsuz etkilenecek hasta profilleri çıkarılmaya çalışıldı. Sınır Kişilik Bozukluğu'nda psikoterapi etkinliğine dair tartışmalar bir çok nedenden kaynaklanmaktadır. Öncelikle bu hastaların heterojen bir grup olduğu gerçeğini kabul etmek önemlidir. DSM kriterlerinin bile halen tartışmalı olduğu bu hasta grubunda, geniş bir spektrum söz konusundur. Çelişkili sonuçların diğer nedenleri de; terapistlerin farklı kuramların destekleyicileri olmaları ve çalışmalarda farklı hasta kriterleri, farklı tedavi ortamları ve ölçme yöntemlerinin kullanılması olabilir. Bu olgu sunumunun amacı, 3,5 yıl süren psikanalitik yönelimli psikoterapiyle görülmüş ve görüşmeler için süpervizyon alınmış, Sınır Kişilik Bozukluğu tanısı olan bir hastanın terapi süreci eşliğinde, bu hasta grubuyla uğraşan terapistlerin karşılaşabilecekleri durumları tartışmaktır.
Discussion of Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy Strategies of Borderline Personality Disorder by Means of a Patient
In 1940-60s patients diagnosed with borderline personality disorder were considered as "preschizophrenic" and so, impossible to be treated with psychoanalysis, rather a more supportive approach was recommended. Kernberg's seminal theoretical work in 1970s that defined borderline personality organization marked a watershed in the approach to treatment and interpretative techniques came back to the ascendancy. In 1980s, there was a return to the old idea and even a tentative list of criteria describing the types of patients who are at the greatest risk for a negative or lack of response to treatment was made. There are few reasons for the discussions about the efficacy of psychotherapy for borderline personality disorder. Firstly, it is extremely important to note that these patients form a heterogenic group so it seems wiser to talk about a 'borderline spectrum', rather than the strict criteria of DSM system. The studies about the efficacy of psychotherapy for borderline patients have contradictionary results. The main reason for this is that; studies have used different treatment settings and measuring methods, and clinicians prefer to use their own psychodynamic view. The purpose of this report is to summarize the psychoanalytically oriented psychotherapy of a borderline patient and discuss some important issues about psychotherapy with this group of patients in the light of recent literature.

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