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Yıl:2018; Cilt: 55; Sayı: 4>> Özet
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Nöropsikiyatri Arşivi; 2018;55(4):320-324
Otoimmün Epilepsi/Limbik Ensefalit, Uyku İğciklerinde Değişikliğe Neden Olabilir
EA Serdaroğlu, Fİ Tezer, S Saygı
Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Ankara
Amaç: Otoimmün limbik ensefaliti olan hastalarda, uyku bozuklukları ve uyku yapısında değişiklikler tanımlanmıştır. Son zamanlarda, çocukluk çağı otoimmün limbik ensefalitlerinde, asenkron uyku iğcikleri veya uzamış iğcikler gösterilmiştir. Yöntem: Otoimmün epilepsi ve/veya limbik ensefaliti olan altı hastanın uzun süreli elektroensefalografi-polisomnografi (EEG-PSG) kayıtlarında uyku yapısı ve uyku iğcikleri incelendi. En uzun NREM 2 dönemi seçildi. İğcik yoğunluğu (dakikadaki iğcik sayısı) hesaplanarak bilateral hipokampal sklerozu olan epilepsi hastaları ve sağlıklı kontrollerle karşılaştırıldı. Bulgular: Otoimmün epilepsi ve/veya limbic ensefaliti olan hastaların yavaş dalga uyku döneminin kısaldığı ve uyku iğciklerinin azaldığını gösterdik. Altmış saniyede ortalama iğcik sayısı otoimmün epilepsi ve/ veya limbik ensefaliti olan hastalarda 5,86±5,03 idi. Kontrol gruplarında ise iğcik yoğunluğu daha yüksekti (10,6±1,65 ve 9,95±0,79). Sonuç: Limbik ensefalitte uyku bozuklukları, talamo-limbik devrelerin bozulmasından kaynaklanabilir ve iğcik aktivitesi bozulabilir. Talamolimbik devrelerdeki akut lezyonlar iğcik yoğunluğu ile birlikte azalıyor olsa da, yapısal lezyonların veya kronik durumların etkisi henüz aydınlatılamamıştır. Bu durum, nöral devrelerin işlevsel bozulmaları ile ilişkili olabilir.
Autoimmune Epilepsy and/or Limbic Encephalitis Can Lead to Changes in Sleep Spindles
Introduction: Sleep disorders have been described in patients with autoimmune limbic encephalitis (LE). The changes in sleep structure were also reported. Recently sleep spindle abnormalities such as asynchronous or prolonged spindles were observed children with LE. Methods: We studied the sleep and number of sleep spindles in the continuous electroencephalography-polysomnography (EEG-PSG) recordings of 6 patients with autoimmune epilepsy and/or LE. The longest NREM 2 period was selected. We evaluated the spindle density (spindles per minute), and compared that to the spindle densities of epilepsy patients with bilateral hippocampal sclerosis and healthy controls. Results: We have demonstrated that patients with autoimmune epilepsy and/or LE had reduced slow wave sleep with decreased number of sleep spindles. The mean number of spindles in 60 seconds was 5.86±5.03 in patients with autoimmune epilepsy and/or LE. But spindle density was higher in two control groups (10.6±1.65 and 9.95±0.79). Conclusions: The sleep abnormalities in LE can result from the disruption of thalamo-limbic circuits, and lead to changes in spindle wave activity. Although density of spindles decreased with acute lesions in thalamolimbic circuits, the relations with structural lesions or chronicity of disease are not clear. That may be related to functional disruption of neural circuitry.

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