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Yıl:2018; Cilt: 55; Sayı: 4>> Özet
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Nöropsikiyatri Arşivi; 2018;55(4):315-319
Uzun Süreli Ayık Esrar Bağımlılarında Dürtüsellik, Heyecan Arayışı ve Karar Verme
DH Delibaş, HS Akseki, E Erdoğan, N Zorlu, Ş Gülseren
İzmir Bozyaka Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, İzmir
Amaç: Uzun süreli ayık esrar kullanıcılarında nörobilişsel işlevlerin farklı alanlarını değerlendirmiş çalışmalar olmasına karşın, dürtüselliği değerlendiren az sayıda çalışma mevcuttur. Bu çalışmanın amacı, ayıklığı en az bir aydır devam eden esrar bağımlısı hastalarda dürtüsellik ve heyecan arama özelliklerinin ve karar-verme sürecinin değerlendirilmesidir. Yöntem: Çalışmaya en az bir aydır esrar kullanmayan 30 esrar bağımlısı hasta (EBH) ve 30 sağlıklı kontrol alındı. Tüm katılımcılar erkekti ve iki grup yaş ve eğitim süresi açısından eşleştirildi. Bulgular: Iowa Kumar Testi (IKT) değerlendirmesi sonucunda, IKT performansında blok etkileşimi açısından anlamlılık gösteren grup (EB karşın kontrol) saptanmadı (p=0,680). EBH grubunda Barratt Dürtüsellik Ölçeği-11 (BDÖ-11) toplam (p=0,006), BDÖ-11 plan yapmama ve Zuckerman Yenilik Arama Ölçeği’nin deneyim arama alt ölçeği (p=0,001) puanları kontrollerden anlamlı derecede daha yüksekti. Sonuç: Bu araştırma, uzun süreli ayık EBH’lerde karar-verme, özbildirime dayalı dürtüsellik ve heyecan aramanın değerlendirildiği ilk çalışmadır. Bulgularımız, EBH’de hem öz bildirime dayalı dürtüselliğin hem de deneyim aramanın yapısal bir özellik olabileceğini, ancak karar verme eksiklikleri için böyle olmadığını düşündürmektedir. Bu yaklaşım, yüksek dürtüsellik ve heyecan arama özelliklerinin tek başlarına olmaktan ziyade birlikte bulunmalarının bağımlılığa yol açabildiği hipoteziyle de uyumludur.
Impulsivity, Sensation Seeking, and Decision-Making in Long-Term Abstinent Cannabis Dependent Patients
Introduction: In contrast to several studies that examined different domains of neurocognitive functions in long-term abstinent cannabis users, there are few studies examined impulsivity in cannabis users with prolonged abstinence. The aim of this study was to test whether impulsivity and sensation seeking traits and impulsive decision-making are transient or enduring in patients with cannabis dependence who were abstinent for at least 1 month. Methods: The study included 30 patients with cannabis dependence (CDP) who had been abstinent for at least 1 month and 30 healthy controls. All the participants were male and the two groups were matched for age and duration of education. Results: As a result of Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) evaluation, there was no significant group (CDP vs. control) by block interaction in IGT performance (p=0.680). CDP showed significantly higher Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11 (BIS-11) total (p=0.006), BIS-11 non-planning (p=0.006) and Zuckerman Sensation Seeking Scale experience seeking subscale (p=0.001) scores compared with controls. Conclusions: This is the first study to investigate decision-making, selfreport impulsivity and sensation seeking in long-term abstinent CDP. Our findings suggest that both self-report impulsivity and experience seeking may reflect a stable trait in CDP but not deficits on decisionmaking. This suggestion is consistent with the hypothesis that elevated impulsivity and sensation seeking traits may lead to addiction when they occur together rather than alone.

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