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Yıl:2018; Cilt: 3; Sayı: 2>> Özet
Türkiye Klinikleri Psikoloji Özel Dergisi; 2018;3(2):32-39
Alzheimer Hastalarına Bakım Verme Süreçleri
YA Karcı, AN Karancı
TED Üniversitesi, Ankara
Alzheimer hastalığına bakım verme deneyimi hastalığın kendine özgü patolojisi nedeniyle niteliksel olarak oldukça farklı bir süreçtir. Literatürdeki araştırmalar bakım verenlerin yaşadıkları olumsuz sonuçları çoğunlukla stres-baş etme paradigması çerçevesinde ele almıştır. Öte yandan son dönem araştırmacılar bu çerçevenin Alzheimer bakım verme sürecinin çok boyutlu yapısını anlamak için yetersiz olduğunu ileri sürmektedir. Bu araştırmacılar hastanın psiko-sosyal ölümüne bağlı olarak gelişen beklentisel yas belirtilerinin sürecin ayrılmaz bir parçası olduğunu ileri sürmektedir. Ayrıca, Alzheimer bakım verenleri süreç içerisinde çeşitli olumlu deneyimler yaşamalarına karşın literatürdeki araştırmaların çoğunlukla bakım vermenin olumsuz etkileri üzerine odaklandığı görülmektedir. Bu bağlamda, söz konusu derlemede Alzheimer bakım verenlerinin deneyimledikleri olumsuz ve olumlu yaşantılar bütüncül bir şekilde ele alınarak, bakım verme sürecinin çok boyutlu yapısı incelenecektir. Ayrıca, farklı kültürlerde yetişmiş bakım verenlerin ortak ve kültüre özgü ihtiyaçlarına yer verilerek etkin psiko-sosyal müdahale programları için önerilerde bulunulacaktır.
Caregiving Processes of Alzheimer's Disease Patients
Alzheimer caregiving is a qualitatively distinct process due to the unique pathology of the disease. Research usually focused on the negative caregiver outcomes of Alzheimer's disease from a stress-coping paradigm. However, researchers started to criticize this approach as this framework fails to capture the multi-dimensional nature of Alzheimer's caregiving. Those researchers asserted that anticipatory grief responses resulting from the psycho-social death of the patient is an inevitable part of the caregiving process. Additionally, although caregivers perceive the silver linings of the situation, studies usually focused on the negative caregiving outcomes in this population. In this review, negative and positive caregiving experiences will be investigated in a complimentary manner in order to understand the multifaceted nature of Alzheimer's caregiving. Besides, unique and common needs of the caregivers from diverse cultural backgrounds will be examined in an attempt to inform effective psychosocial intervention strategies.

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