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Yıl:2018; Cilt: 11; Sayı: 3>> Özet
Türkiye Klinikleri Psikiyatri Özel Dergisi; 2018;11(3):74-79
Kafein Yoksunluğu ve Kannabis Yoksunluğu
A Köroğlu, EE Erşan
Sivas Numune Hastanesi Devlet Hastanesi, Sivas
DSM-5'de alkol madde kullanımı ile ilgili bozukluklar alanında dikkat çeken değişiklikden birisi de kafein ve kannabis yoksunluğunun yeni birer tanı kategorisi olarak yer almasıdır. Kafein kullanım bozukluğu kriterleri için ek çalışmaların gerekliliği vurgulanırken kafein yoksunluğu ayrı bir klinik tanı olarak tanımlanmıştır. Günlük ya da düzenli kafein kullanımıyla beraber, kafeinin aniden kesilmesi veya miktarının azalması ile ilk 24 saat içinde ortaya çıkan yoksunluk belirtilerinden 3 ya da daha fazlasının bulunması, DSM-5 de tanı kriterleri olarak kabul edilmiştir. Bu semptomlar; baş ağrısı, yorgunluk, halsizlik, disforik/deprese mood, irritabilite, konsantrasyon güçlüğü ve grip benzeri belirtileri içermektedir. Kannabis yoksunluğu, düzenli esrar kullanımının birden kesilmesi ile görülmektedir. Kannabisin kesilmesini takiben ağırlıklı olarak ortaya çıkan mood ve davranışsal semptomlar genellikle ayaktan tedavi edilebilmektedir. Bu derlemede, güncel bilgiler ışığında kafein yoksunluğu ve kannabis yoksunluğunun klinik özellikleri ve tedavi seçenekleri konusunun ele alınması amaçlanmıştır.
Caffeine Withdrawal and Cannabis Withdrawal
One of the most striking change about alcohol and substance-related disorders in DSM-5 is withdrawal of caffeine and cannabis are defined as new categories. Caffeine withdrawal is now an officially recognized diagnosis, and criteria for caffeine use disorder have been proposed for additional study. the DSM-5 includes diagnostic criteria for caffeine withdrawal, which consists of prolonged daily use of caffeine and 3 or more withdrawal symptoms occurring within 24 hours of abrupt cessation or reduction of caffeine use. These symptoms include headache, marked fatigue or drowsiness, dysphoric mood/depressed mood/irritability, difficulty concentrating, and flu-like symptoms. Cannabis withdrawal that characteristically occurs after quitting a regular cannabis use abruptly. Cessation from long-term and regular cannabis use precipitates a specific withdrawal syndrome with mainly mood and behavioral symptoms of light to moderate intensity, which can usually be treated in an outpatient setting.This review intends to provide a synthesis of current knowledge on the clinical characteristics and treatment of the caffeine withdrawal and the cannabis withdrawal.

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