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Yıl:2018; Cilt: 55; Sayı: 1>> Özet
TAM METİN
Nöropsikiyatri Arşivi; 2018;55(1):36-39
Pediatrik Populasyonda Elektromiyografi
EK Orhan, LB Kıraç, PY Dikmen, Z Matur, M Ertaş, AE Öge, F Deymeer, J Yazıcı, MB Baslo
İstanbul Üniversitesi, İstanbul
Amaç: Elektrodiagnostik değerlendirme, pediatrik nöromusküler hastalıkların incelenmesinde nörolojik muayenenin devamı niteliğindedir. Birçok pediatrik nöromusküler hastalık yetişkinlerde görülenlere benzemekle birlikte, bu hastalıkların sıklığı yaş gruplarına göre kıyaslandığında büyük ölçüde değişkenlik gösterir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, elektromiyografi (EMG) laboratuvarına nöromusküler hastalık ön tanısı ile gönderilen çocukların elektrofizyolojik değerlendirmelerine retrospektif bir bakış yapmaktır. Yöntem: Ocak 2004 – Haziran 2013 tarihleri arasında, nöromusküler hastalık ön tanısı ile elektromiyografi (EMG) laboratuvarımıza gönderilen 0–15 yaş aralığındaki hastaların elektrodiagnostik kayıtları retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Hastalar pleksopati, sinir kökü lezyonları, polinöropati, miyopati, nöropati, ön boynuz hastalığı, nöromusküler kavşakta iletim bozukluğu, fasyal paralizi ve diğer nadir hastalıklar olarak sınıflandırıldı. Bulgular: Yıllık ortalama 578 olmak üzere, toplam 5563 pediatrik kayıt değerlendirildi. Bu değer, laboratuvarımızda yapılan tüm EMG incelemelerinin yaklaşık %14’ünü oluşturmaktaydı. Tüm incelemeler değerlendirildiğinde; 3271 iğne EMG, 170 tek lif EMG, 100 ardışık uyarım testi ve 52 uyandırılmış potansiyel tetkiki yapıldığı görüldü. Olguların %55’inde sonuçlar normaldi. Elektrofizyolojik inceleme sonucunda konulan en sık tanılar yaş gruplarına göre şöyle sıralandı: 0–5 yaş aralığında (tüm kayıtların %41,2’si) pleksopati (%28,6), polinöropati (PNP) (%7,4) ve miyopati (%6,6), 6–10 yaş aralığında (tüm kayıtların %28,2’si) miyopati (%9,4), PNP (%8,5), mononöropati (%6,4) ve pleksopati (%5,9), 11–15 yaş aralığında ise (tüm kayıtların %30,6’sı) PNP (%11,3), miyopati (%6,6) ve mononöropati (%5,6). Sonuç: Nöromusküler hastalık ön tanısı ile laboratuvarımıza gönderilen bebekler ve küçük çocuklarda en sık patoloji, uygun obstetrik değerlendirme ile önlenebilir bir neden olan brakiyal pleksopati iken, sinir ileti incelemeleri ve EMG’nin, altı yaşından büyük çocuklarda görülen demiyelinizan nöropatiler ve miyopatilerin tanısında önemli olduğu dikkatimizi çekti.
Electromyography in Pediatric Population
Introduction: Electrodiagnostic evaluation provides an important extension to the neurological examination for the evaluation of pediatric neuromuscular disease. Many pediatric neuromuscular diseases are analogous to those seen in the adult. However, the relative frequency of these illnesses varies greatly when different age populations are compared. The purpose of the present study is to provide a retrospective analysis of children referred to our electromyography (EMG) laboratory for electrophysiological examinations. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed electrodiagnostic records of patients aged between 0–15 years, from January 2004 to June 2013. Patients were classified as having plexopathy, nerve root lesions, polyneuropathy, myopathy, mononeuropathy, anterior horn cell disease, neuromuscular transmission disorder, facial nerve palsy, and other rare disorders. Results: We reviewed totally 5563 pediatric records, which was on the average 578 studies per year. It was about 14% of the all EMG examinations performed in our laboratory. When we looked at all the procedures, 3271 of the records included needle EMGs, 170 of them were single fiber EMGs, 100 of them were repetitive nerve stimulations, and 52 of them were evoked potentials. The results were normal in 55% of the cases. As a result of electrophysiological examinations, the common diagnoses were: plexopathy (28.6%), polyneuropathy (7.4%), and myopathy (6.6%) in patients aged 0–5 years (41.2% of all records); myopathy (9.4%), PNP (8.5%), mononeuropathy (6.4%), and plexopathy (5.9%) in 6–10 years (28.2% of all records); PNP (11.3%), myopathy (6.6%), and mononeuropathy (5.6%) in 11–15 years (30.6% of all records). Conclusion: Infants and toddlers mostly suffered from brachial plexopathy which can be prevented by proper obstetrical management. Nerve conduction studies and EMG yielded diagnostic importance for demyelinating neuropathy and myopathy in patients older than 6 years of age.

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