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Yıl:2018; Cilt: 55; Sayı: 1>> Özet
TAM METİN
Nöropsikiyatri Arşivi; 2018;55(1):3-8
Multipl Sklerozlu Hastalarda Beyin Atrofisi, Kognisyon ve Optik Koherans Tomografi İlişkisinin Sağlıklı Kontroller ile Karşılaştırılması
Ş Yurtoğulları, Ö Taşkapılıoğlu, B Öztürk, B Bilgiç, B Hakyemez, N Türkeş, Ö Gelişken, ÖF Turan, M Bakar
Kırıkkale Yüksek İhtisas Hastanesi, Kırkıkkale
Amaç: Multipl skleroz (MS)’da, motor, duyusal, görsel ve serebellar etkilenmelerin yanı sıra bilişsel bozukluk da özürlülüğün önemli nedenlerinden biridir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, MS’deki kognitif bozukluğun beyin atrofisi ve retinal sinir lifi kalınlığı (RSLK) ile ilişkisini ortaya koymaktır. Materyal Metod: Çalışmamıza MS tanılı 43 hasta ve 15 sağlıklı kontrol alındı. MS’li olgular, relapsing remitting (RRMS), optik nörit geçirmiş relapsing remitting (RRMS+ON) ve sekonder progresif multipl skleroz (SPMS) olmak üzere üç gruba ayrıldı. Olgulara uzman psikolog tarafından Wechsler bellek ölçeği, Sözel, Görsel ve Mantıksal bellek, Dikkat, Çizgilerin yönünü belirleme, Raven (RSPM), Stroop, Benton yüz tanıma, Akıcılık ve PASAT testleri uygulandı. Optik koherans tomografileri (OKT) çekildi. Tüm olguların kranial subkortikal 1,5 tesla MR cihazı ile elde olunan 3 boyutlu T1A görüntülerden volümleri ölçüldü (tam otomatik Freesurfer programı ile). Elde edilen volüm ülçümleri total intrakranial volüme oranlanarak, beyin parankimal fraksiyonları hesaplandı. Bulgular: Çalışmaya toplam 58 (%65,5’i kadın, %34,5’i erkek) olgu alındı. Gruplar arasında, parankimal kalınlık, üçüncü ventrikül ve beyaz cevher volümleri açısından anlamlı farklar saptandı. Derin gri cevher, meziyal temporal yapılar ve lateral ventrikül volümleri ile, dikkat, akıcılık, sözel ve mantıksal bellek süreçleri testleri arasında anlamlı korelasyon mevcuttu. Optik nörit geçirsin ya da geçirmesin tüm MS hastalarında, SPMS grubunda daha belirgin olmak üzere, OKT skorları artmış olarak bulundu. RSLK ile beyin parankimal fraksiyonu arasında anlamlı korelasyon saptandı. Sonuç: MS hastalarında yapılan beyin atrofisi çalışmaları ülkemizde elle çizme şeklinde yapılmakta, otomatik segmentasyon yöntemi henüz yaygın kullanılmamaktadır. Bu çalışmamız ile OKT skorları ile beyin atrofisi arasında anlamlı korelasyon olduğu gösterilmiş ve bunun kognitif testlerdeki azalma şeklinde yansıması izlenerek literatüre değerli ve güvenilir bilgiler sağlanmıştır.
Comparison of Brain Atrophy, Cognition and Optical Coherence Tomography Results Between Multiple Sclerosis Patients and Healthy Controls
Introduction: Cognitive impairment is also an important cause of disability in MS in addition to motor, sensory, visual, and cerebellar affections. The aim of this study is to show the relation between the cognitive disability in MS with brain atrophy and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL). Methods: Forty-three multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, and 15 healthy individuals as controls were included in the study. MS patients were divided into three groups as relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS), relapsingremitting with optic neuritis (RRMS+ON), and secondary-progressive MS (SPMS). An experienced psychologist performed modified Wechsler Memory Scale Revised form (WMS-R), Lines Orientation test, Stroop Color Word Interference test (STROOP), Standard Raven Progressive Matrices (SRPM), Benton Facial Recognition Test, verbal fluency test, and Paced Auditory Serial Addition tests in all cases. Optic coherence tomographies (OCT) were done. Cranial subcortical volumes of all subjects were measured using 3-dimensonal T1A imagines obtained by the cranial subcortical 1.5 tesla MR device (fully automatic Freesurfer program). Brain parenchymal fractions were calculated by proportioning the obtained volume measurements to the total intracranial volume. Results: Fifty-eight subjects (65.5% female, 34.5% male) were enrolled in the study. There were significant differences among the groups in terms of parenchymal thickness, volumes of third ventricle, and white matter. There was a significant correlation between the volumes of the deep gray matter, mesial temporal structures and lateral ventricular volumes, and the test results of the WMS-R. OCT scores of all MS patients, whether or not they experienced optic neuritis, had increased, being worse especially in the SPMS group. Correlation between RNFL and the brain parenchymal fractions of the patients were statistically significant. Conclusion: Manual methods instead of automatic segmentation method are being more commonly used in the studies with brain atrophy and MS in our country. A significant correlation between OCT scores and brain atrophy is shown with our present study, and this is followed as a reflection of decrease in cognitive tests that provides valuable and reliable knowledge for the literature.

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